Mitochondrial Health & Slowing Biological Aging - with Dr Chris Rinsch

1:18PM Nov 27, 2023

Speakers:

Angela Foster

Dr Chris Rinsch

Keywords:

mitochondria

study

clinical studies

products

mitochondrial

muscle

function

health

levels

terms

mitochondrial function

interesting

muscle strength

improving

skin

pomegranate

dose

improvement

benefits

ageing

It's really the mitochondrial function at the core, that when you have an improvement in mitochondrial function, you're improving the endurance of the skeletal muscles.

You're listening to the high performance health podcast helping you optimise your health performance and longevity. My name is Angela Foster, and I'm a former corporate lawyer and high performance health coach. Each week, I bring you cutting edge bio hacks, inspiring insights and high performance habits to unlock optimal health performance and longevity. So excited that you've chosen to join me today. Now let's dive in

Hi friends, if like me, you're interested in slowing down ageing and also really enhancing your energy then one of the things you want to be thinking about is the health of your mitochondria. We're going to be talking about that today. Because there is this sort of power nutrient that's come on to the stage recently, which is a post biotic called Euro lithium A, that really has incredible properties in terms of enhancing mitochondrial health. And on this episode, you will hear from my guest, Dr. Chris Rinsch who is the co founder of Amazon test timeline. And he shares the incredible scientific journey of Euro Lithonia discovery, the many, many benefits that have been confirmed in multiple clinical studies, their various mechanisms of actions I learned a lot in this episode, and I think you will to all of the show notes, as always are over on my website, Angela Foster performance.com. But for now, let me introduce you to Dr. Chris Rinsch. Chris, welcome to the show. We met at the Health optimization summit recently in London albeit a bit briefly, I was very excited by your product timeline myopia. I'm delighted that you've come on the show today. So a very warm welcome.

Thanks so much, Angela for having me. This is this is great. Looking forward to speaking. Yeah,

me too. Me too. Anything that as you know, on the on this broadcast, it's all about high performance health. So anything that improves health span and performance is kind of right up our street. And I've heard lots of people I haven't personally yet been using your eliminate I'm about to start using it. Because it really excites me in terms of the benefits to mitochondrial health and energy. Let's start with you kind of summarising what it is because I think many people may not have heard of it yet. Yeah,

so if we're talking about in general mitochondrial health, mitochondria is very important for the functioning of all of our cells, because it's producing the energy that is important to keep ourselves working properly. And but the problem is that as mitochondria are actually producing that energy, the mitochondria get damaged. And so the mitochondria need to undergo a constant sort of process of recycling of those damaged mitochondria to sort of renew the mitochondria and to keep that mitochondria pool healthy, and provide enough healthy energy for yourselves that they can continue to function properly. And so this is sort of the base when you think about mitochondria health for yourself as you want to maintain your mitochondria in general, healthy on a continual basis. And you want to have this this recycling process continue with you throughout your life, and have that be at an optimal point. And so this is this is how we think about mitochondria help and particularly in, in what we're doing is stimulating this process of recycling through myopia, which is the ingredient that's inside of our product called timeline and myopia is, is your eliminate.

Awesome. So if we think about mitochondria, as you mentioned, that it's kind of the energy powerhouses of ourselves, and that recycling process is really important. As we start to age, what do we see in terms of mitochondrial health? I know that, you know, many, many adults will describe the fact that they have less energy, right children have an abundance of it. But then we also have to couple in the fact that we have way more stressors in our lives, right, we pulled in many different directions was happening and how early changes in mitochondrial health taking place. Well,

if you think if you think about how you feel as you get older in terms of your muscle function, as a good sort of barometer, your muscle function peaks in your 30s and then starts to slowly decline as you get older. And and you can think about the same thing for your mitochondrial health. It's your mitochondrial health is you know is at its peak, as you're younger and as you're getting older, it declines. It's a function of not only your age, though, is a function of so your lifestyle, the types of foods you eat, if you're more active when we talk about lifestyle, being working on a regular bases stimulates mitochondria turnover and might improve mitochondria function. So it's a combination of all elements. Really, when you're when you're thinking about it.

Your lifestyle plays a huge part. What about in terms of nutrition and things? What will be kryptonite for our mitochondria?

Oh, I think if we go into diets that are, you know, really high and fat and you know, lots of sugars, I think these are, these are things that you want to generally stay away from. So, yeah, in terms of absolute kryptonite for your mitochondria, perhaps that might be it? You know,

I don't know. based diet, yeah. Let's stay away from that. Okay, so with the Euro lithium A, then you've obviously done a lot of studies, I think we were talking offline before that. It started in in animals, and you saw the improvements in mitochondrial in muscle function. Sorry. And then that's translated into humans. Can you describe what the results are there? Yeah,

sure. So maybe I can walk you through the history. So we started early on looking at the looking at the pomegranate, so we're all about sort of trying to take top science and apply it towards nutrition. And so we were looking at the pomegranate and it was through that studying of the pomegranate that that brought us to Europe within a which is a post biotic of the pomegranate. So, inside the pomegranate, you have a number of phyto compounds, and one of those is is called the Elijah tannins and when you and these are the bitter compounds, so for those of you who are consuming pomegranates on a regular basis, these are the compounds that are found in the yellow part that are separating the arils in the pomegranate and, and when you when you have pomegranate juice, it extracts that from the the yellow part and you're consuming these larger tannins and the gut microbiota that we have basically acts to transform and convert some of the phytochemicals in particularly Elijah tannins into post biotics and, and specifically in this case, into your Olyphant A. And so we studied urine within a and how it impacts the body and how it impacts cellular health. And one thing interesting about this whole conversion process when you're taking pomegranate juice, for example, is that only about 30 to 40% of the population have that right composition of gut microflora to make this conversion into the post biotic urolift today, and so it's so it's not an ideal way to get your allimand A from pomegranate and in fact, we even at the time, we even ran a sort clinical study with an age range of 20 to about 80 years old and we compared the amounts of your lipid a you would get from drinking pomegranate juice, to simply taking 500 milligrammes of myopia, and we'll get into the dosing a little bit later. And what we saw was that you would need about six glasses of pomegranate juice to really reach those same levels of, of your day in your blood.

And this is also only in individuals, the 40% of individuals who were able to convert in the first place, right, so that was dependent upon your gut microbiome.

Yes, and it's and it's not a it's not a sort of a binary conversion. So you have people who are low converters, medium conversion, high conversion, which make Euro within a all the more amenable to a supplementation strategy to get the right doses in your daily diet. Okay.

And so in when you were formulating it, as a supplement people could take, how have you optimised for that conversion?

What so in fact the the the nice thing about giving your lemonade directly is that you don't have to worry about having the gut right gut microflora you simply take the Euro lemonade directly and we formulated it so that you get good bioavailability we we see reproducible blood levels of urine within a after taking after taking it for prolonged periods of time. But I think going back to your you know your question earlier, what do you see when you take your elephant a what we've shown our we've done now a number of double blind placebo controlled randomised clinical studies and and what we what we saw in our very first study we we gave individuals your within a short period of 28 days. And, and when we we did is to look at mitochondrial function at that time is we did biopsies before and after in the, in the leg muscle and we looked at gene expression patterns to see what what was the impact of your within a on the gene expression and the cells that are comprising our skeletal muscle and, and what we saw in this study was in an increase in the gene expression, the link to mitochondria genes showing a boost in mitochondrial biogenesis, which is basically the production of, of new mitochondria that are healthy and, and we also did perform blood measurements. So, we looked at the metabolites in the blood, and what we saw was a reduction in Aysel carnitine levels linked to taking increasing doses of urine in a at the time and this is, this is also related to mitochondrial function, that you have a reduction of plasma AC current levels if you have a higher functioning mitochondrial levels, and so, it was that first study, where we identified the dose of 500 milligrammes of urolift, Vinay, and then we and then as an activity dose and so, then we went on to conduct additional studies at 500 milligrammes in and at one gramme, and in different populations in different ages.

I should clarify something that then sorry, you saying that when you when people were taking the 500 milligrammes, a Euro, with an A, they had lower blood levels of acetyl carnitine. Did you say, yeah, it

changed? Yeah, yeah. So you have a, it's an you have a slightly lower level of reduction, if you've, if you've been taking that for Yeah, in our studies, we looked at that after the first one was after 28

days, okay, and how would that reduction be impacting things?

So it's basically a biomarker is a metabolite that's linked to mitochondrial function. And so together with looking at that metabolite, and there's not a, there's not a single, let's call it a mitochondria. Single mitochondrial biomarker that's circulating in your blood that says your mitochondria is healthier, you have to look at sort of a combination. And, and so that's where it's interesting to looking at a number of biomarkers, and one of those ASA Carlton's more direct approach is to look directly at a specific cell type and look at mitochondria function, and look at gene expression and a specific cell type. And that was the reason why we we focused on the skeletal muscle and looking at biopsies in skeletal muscle. And that was an that was very interesting to see that we could have that improvement in mitochondria after 28 days and and that really stimulated us to go on and, and take a look after a longer period of exposure. And so our next study was in a group of individuals who are 40 to 65 years old, and and who we administered 500 milligrammes daily basis as well as one gramme. And we did that over a period of four months and, and after a period of four months, what we saw was an improvement in leg muscle strength, that was artistically significant about 10% over their baseline levels, and we also looked at other type of parameters along the way as well.

Sorry, that was 500 milligrammes and one gramme, were there differences between the two, you

know, the, the main differences we saw, in terms of muscle strength, we we saw that both in statistically improved muscle strength versus baseline and, and versus placebo because we always have placebos in our clinical studies for nutrition and, and so the other mark the other things that were increased were for different markers of of mobility for example. Yeah, the we saw that vo two peak vo two was increased more at one gramme versus 500 milligrammes, but it wasn't increased at a statistically significant level it was, but it was markedly increased. Okay,

so it's improving aerobic function at the same time, as muscle strength. And with the when you were doing those studies, I'm just curious. So were you said you had the placebo group were they were just on nutrition. Were these individuals also doing a specific form of Exercise to complement that activity or were they just?

Yeah. And so in fact, in this study, it was interesting that in in that there was these, this is a population of sedentary individuals and so they weren't conducting exercise, which makes the results all the more interesting to see that, you know, they're sedentary and they're overweight individuals and so we saw we were able to see that, that they were improving our muscle strength without following an exercise regimen as

well. It's really impressive and also their vo two Max. Yes,

yes, yes, exactly. And so we see the VO two Max was increasing as well, and the six minute walk was also increasing with the one gramme but those, as I mentioned, weren't increased statistically significant, but from an impactful level they were increased.

When you say not statistically significant, do you mean the difference between the dose of 500 to a grant of 500 milligrammes?

Now the difference between what we talked about statistical significance, you always, you always position that versus a placebo. So, when we talk about an improvement in muscle function, we compare it to the changes that were observed in those people taking a placebo, versus the changes of those people taking might appear at 500 milligrammes and one gramme, and what we did see, but the reality is, in clinical studies, you you often see different, different endpoints improve, but they don't, they're not statistically significant, because of the size of the group may not have been large enough to actually show that statistical difference between a placebo and active. Okay.

But the improvements in muscle strength were significant. Yes, yes. Okay. Interesting. And over what period was that, that was a

four month period that we were administering the product. And, and, you know, what was, was fascinating also was we've, we also ran a clinical study that was looking at people who are 65 and older, and, and had basically a lower, we call it a lower mitochondrial function. And we look at that by sort of their walking speed. And we also screened for that in this study using a more of a complicated technique called Mrs or magnetic resonance spectroscopy. And, and we looked at the mitochondrial function and their leg muscles, and when we screened them to bring them into the study, and we treated these, these individuals with one gramme and we saw, after two months, that we were seeing an improvement in the muscle endurance, and we looked at two muscles, we looked at the hand muscles, or the first inter osseous muscle here, and we looked at the, at the leg muscle, as well. And we saw an improvement in endurance. And so that was, that was the first time that we looked at endurance. And that was the first time we looked at and in that population, so starting to give us a general understanding of what are the different parameters that we can impact in different populations. And in general, in terms of muscle function, you starting to have, you know, after these three clinical studies seeing an impact at the muscle level, not only at the cellular level, but also at the muscle function level, strength and muscle endurance, and all done at different clinical centres. So starts to give a lot of robust information about the benefits of your Illuminae in humans, and, and, you know, this is all what's fascinating is how, how nicely this translates. And we haven't spoken about that yet, but the preclinical work that we did. So prior to going into humans, we, we ran quite a number of studies to assess the muscle function and in mice, and we saw an improvement in muscle function as as they were getting older. And, you know, I think one of the most dramatic first studies that we did in mice was was looking at, at the effect of, of mice just normally taking our product versus not and, and what we saw was an improvement in in running by about 40 to 50%. And that's just sort of they just kept on running further and and those that even that in separate studies. were mice were getting older, they had a higher interest level to in terms of running.

And do you credit that down to like to do with the muscle function itself in terms of like their maybe their slow twitch muscle fibres that are allowing for that endurance? Or is it down to an improvement? We talked a little bit a moment ago, but you said it wasn't statistically significant in terms of the VO two? Or is it a bit of both, like what's happening there, if they're improving their endurance capacity? Well,

it's really your it's really the mitochondrial function at the core, that when you have an improvement in mitochondria function, you're improving the endurance of the skeletal muscle cells we've looked at. We've looked in mice at at the skeletal muscle. And we've looked at the, at the mitochondria in mice and older mice that I've been treated with your name. And what we see is that the mitochondria actually look a lot better. So for those of you who are familiar with what mitochondria look like, they're sort of can be kind of being shaped but inside they have a structure. That's called the cristae. And and it's a very organised structure when, when you're young and and as you get older, this this structure inside of your cell is it becomes a little bit disorganised. And so what we saw in these mice was that this after taking your DNA for a period of time, basically, the mitochondria start to resemble the mitochondria of the young mice. And so we're now considering exploring this in humans. And so we're working on a clinical study that will will look at actually the mitochondria. Structure from a structural perspective in humans after taking myopia for an extended period of time.

Interesting. I guess what we don't know is how it's affecting the mitochondria and heart muscle. And cardiac?

Well, yes, I think it's, I think this is an interesting point you bring up because there's been a lot of, there's been a lot of work on, at least pretty clinically, and looking at the benefit of urine within a across a number of different animal studies. And we've, we've actually looked at that in the impact of heart function. And, and we're now in the process of submitting a publication on that, and, and what we do see in animals is an improvement in in cardiovascular function and heart function. And so it'll be interesting to see a certain point in the future, how that translates into humans.

Very much. So what's the best way then to take it you you? I think it's in a 500 milligramme dose? Is it in my topia? Yes,

we have. We have a couple of different product formats. We started out with a powder format, because we wanted to have, we basically wanted to open the door to an experience with our product, that you can mix it into the foods that you're eating for breakfast, and we understand that most people are eating their sub taking their supplements in the morning time. And so, so in this case, we have powder that can go into smoothies into yoghurts, and then we have also a pill format, a soft shell format that is convenient and has 500 milligrammes in the soft gels, take two soft gels every day, we'll get that. And

is it best to take it with, with food? Or if someone's fasting? Could they take it in a fasted state? No,

we haven't seen any type of what they call the food of fat in terms of the absorption of your Illuminae. We've, yeah, we've mixed it into yoghurts, and we've looked at the PK or pharmacokinetic profile and the absorption of the blood versus taking it as a pill format. Our clinical studies have taken people taking them in the morning in the absence of food. And so in the first studies, and so we don't see any impact on on food, okay.

I mean, this is super interesting, really interesting. When you think like, for, for people listening, how important both muscle strength and VO two are in terms of preserving healthspan as we get older, like they're two of the biggest things, which is so important. And these results that you've got with a sedentary population are amazing. They're not actually exercising and yet they're still seeing improvement. Well,

yeah, I think this is, you know, this is something that's really fascinating about the book Biology of the muscle and mitochondria, you know, you know, classically you exercise to improve your muscle function, which is also improving your mitochondrial function here, you know, we're offering a supplement that's, that's acting on a whole body level. That is, you know, that is acting to improve muscle function and mitochondrial function. As we were talking about earlier, you know, being able to add these into your daily, you know, daily routine, is I find them very helpful, so that you can have sort of a holistic approach. We don't advocate or we don't advocate a process where you're only taking supplements, and you're not exercising, it's really important to integrate exercising, supplements, the choice of the right diet, to have that holistic approach to help.

Sure, sure. I always say that their lifestyle stuff and first, but there's just like, it's nice to know that it's how it's working and those results. With the with that you also have some skin based products, which is quite interesting. Yeah, I'd love to hear a little bit more about how those are working.

Sure. So. So Angela, we, we started with all of the aspects of the nutrition, and then we realise the benefit of, of urine within a and saw how it converted so nicely into skeletal muscle tissue. And we were, were thinking, well, let's, you know, let's see how this works when we apply this topically, and we started doing some more studies, and what we we saw was that we were improving mitochondrial function when we started going into, into, into tissue, into cells that are comprising the skin, whether it's keratinocytes, and fibroblasts and, and culture and then we, and then we decided to try this in, in humans. And we said, and we ran a few clinical studies where basically, we, we looked at the impact of your DNA, when applied directly to the skin. And there's, you know, there's two types of, broadly speaking, there's two types of ageing. For skin, there's the intrinsic ageing, and this is ageing, linked to decline in your cell function, as we were talking about earlier for, for muscle function. And then there's the extrinsic ageing, and so the skin is basically our barrier to the outside world. And so it's being bombarded by UV light as well as pollution. And so, we took an approach to study the benefits of Europe and a bolt on the intrinsic ageing and the extrinsic ageing. And we ran separate studies. And what we saw was that we were able to improve the intrinsic ageing, we saw also a reduction in wrinkle depth. And we we also saw when we did biopsies, we were seeing an impact on an actual or, you know, the structural components of the skin. So we're talking about, you know, collagen proteins levels and and the genes that are involved in regulating them,

and improvements in collagen production. Yeah,

so, we looked at, we basically took biopsies and we looked at the we did proteomics and genomics, and we were studying the level of the genes responsible for collagen production, and for also collagen degradation. And that's where we saw a direct impact on on the structural components of skin. And we, we also went on, as I mentioned on on extrinsic ageing, this is something that we thought was very interesting to study. So we, we did a study where we did UV exposure to people's backs and we provided urine within a day after that, and what we saw was a reduction in inflammation following the application of your Illuminae topically and so, consequently, this is we see this as an approach that can be used and can be very powerful. For as I don't like to use anti ageing as a word but for skin health and, and skin health, longevity, because we really are interested in I mean, skin is our primary barrier to the outside world. We really want to keep that function ESP IQ. And so that's the approach that we're exploring right now with the products that we've been developing.

Interesting. And do they penetrate them into the deeper layers of the skin? When you apply them? Do you need to use anything like a derma roller to enhance that penetration? Or?

Well, our clinical studies have been all based on sort of application with your, with your hands. So as you would typically with normal skin cream, so not using any type of special devices to, to see the effects because we wanted to make sure that it was applied in sort of a real world context that most people would use products, skincare skincare products,

and does that need to be in terms of order? With my own like skincare, there's a sort of order in terms of weight of the product that you're using. So things like if you want to put like a serum based product on that would go first and you're gonna put an oil on, then it's gonna get lost, right? Where would this fit in any kind of skincare regimen

we've developed 3d, we appreciate the, you know, the, the protocol or the regimens that people like to use when managing you know, their skin health. And so we've developed three different products, we have a day cream, we have a night cream, and we have a serum. And so often people use during the day, the day cream, and the and the serum at night, the night cream, and potentially the night cream is here.

Okay, so you have all of those to try. I mean, we talked a bit earlier I was that might as soon as I'm hearing about this with the into, you know, the supplement. And also the skincare just seems to lend itself super well to a combination with near infrared and red light therapy, which also kind of acts on the mitochondria and enhances collagen and things like that. Well,

it's true that, you know, red light therapy is also acting on the mitochondria, stimulating the mitochondria. So there's a lot of interest around red light therapy. I think it's something interesting to explore, to combine the two. There's certainly no issue and and trying them. I think have having combination approaches are interesting for you know, for supplements, I think this is sort of the way the future is going to go in terms of biohacking your body and and how do you how do you combine the different tools that are out there, whether it's dietary supplement, a topical product or other type of red light therapy as you as you say,

interesting? And would there be any reason why you couldn't combine this with other products that assist with mitochondrial health? So I'm thinking here, something about methylene blue?

I don't see. I don't see a reason why you couldn't try it with other mitochondrial products. No, I think there's, you know, there's other nuts, not speaking specifically to methylene blue, but I mean, in general, there's, there are other products out there that are acting on the mitochondria, but are taking a different pathway like Coenzyme Q 10, for example, that, you know, that, you know, there would be a complementarity there by taking those those products. So, ya know, I think if you really want to focus on the mitochondria, I think probably first of all getting the turnover of your damaged mitochondria is probably where you want to start. So that you can have a functioning mitochondria within your cells. And then you can start adding other things to your cells to improve the overall health of the cell. Yeah,

so they Okay great. So this is this is affecting the function as you say, and the regeneration of that mitochondria and development of new mitochondria. And then some of the other products may be helping with the

quality, right? And this is what it's getting the highest high quality mitochondria by and maintaining that mitochondria pool by stimulating the turnover and the removal of the damaged mitochondria little bit like you know, taking out the trash and, and and then you can bring it out there products that are going to help the mitochondria function even better after they're sort of, you know, healthy to begin with.

And with, with exercise. I guess a question I would have here is, you know, when we look at like the oxidative stress that's caused by exercise, a part of the adaptation comes from the body's resiliency and sort of overcoming that and making physiological changes. So there's some research around certain antioxidants that are synthetic, so not food based, you know, obviously going and eating some blueberries postworkout seems to be fine. specifically taking things like vitamin C, may synthetic forms may interfere with that process. Is that true with the Euro lithophane? Like, is there a time of day that it should be taken? Should it be taken away from exercise? Or is that not relevant?

Well, it's interesting that you bring that up, because we, we've recently completed a clinical study in elite and sub elite athletes, and over in Australia, and they were training for a period of 28 days, at elevation, elevated, elevated training camp, and we looked at their performance and their recovery, and how their recovery was changed while they were exercising, and this is like doing three kilometre runs so not short, Sprint's and, and, and what we saw was an improvement in, in markers of recovery and, and lowering this sort of inflammatory markers or recovery after races that that they were performing at the end of their of this trial period. And this was also a double blind placebo controlled study. And so this shows that it's, you know, it does also work and have an activity and people who are exercising on a regular basis, but also exercising at at a very high level.

For or performance. Yeah. Okay. But it's it would it would it be like detrimental if you took it immediately post workout, for example. We

haven't, we haven't studies or timing of taking it, but there's no reason to believe that, that it would be have a negative consequence. By taking it right after it's, it's improving mitochondrial function, stimulating this whole process. And, and so in fact, when you exercise, you should be stimulating similar pathways and inducing a recycling of your mitochondria. So I think that there's nothing scientifically to be there's a contract intraday indications of that.

And what about, thank you for doing that I bought about with food, obviously, we talked about taking it with food, would there be any kind of gastric distress if you were to take it on an empty stomach in the in the capsule? encapsulated form?

No, in fact, our first study was, people were taking on an empty stomach. There was no issues,

no issues with that. I guess my last question would be then what about cognitive benefits? Have you seen anything there in terms of many of these things also seem to work quite well, as a kind of nootropic? Have you seen any benefits there? Well,

interesting. You mentioned cognition, I wouldn't, you know, when we started the company, we're very focused on on cognition and, and brain health. And, and we still are very interested in cognition and brain health. And, in fact, some of our collaborators are studying the effects of urine within a and various models of cognition. And, and we intend to run a clinical study later this year to explore the effects on on brain health, and then how this how your listening actually gets into the, into the CSF and into the brain. And so we'll probably have more to talk about that. Next year.

Awesome. Keep us posted on it.

There's studies that we're doing right now, there's studies that we're doing right now include the benefits on on immune health. So, you know, we're starting to expand, as I mentioned, about brain and skin expand and build off of what we've seen in the muscle, and we're looking at immune health. And we're doing a study now, where we're taking a deep dive into the impact on immune cells following taking your day. And so now, it'll be very interesting to see that effects. There's been a lot of preclinical work that was published last year on the on the benefits for immunity. So we hope to see some some very interesting results by the end of this year.

That's exciting. Yeah. And with the with the dosage, because you mentioned two doses there. Is it done by someone's weight, or is that is the dose that you've kind of fixed on Is it is it 500 milligrammes like what is is is more any better? Is it something you can double up on or

what Yeah, so the the, the base dose that we've determined, has a benefit on your mitochondrial function, and also muscle health and muscle strength has been 500 milligrammes and so that's, that is our base dose that we're recommending to everybody. Now, if you're a higher performer or maybe if you're perhaps As a larger person, you may wish to take a higher dose up to a crown. We haven't done any clinical studies above one gramme. We have, as I mentioned earlier, we have run clinical studies in the gramme and we see some nice effects in the ground as well. And, yeah, no, but 500 milligrammes is a very, very good dose for people to start with. So

if they were thinking about more, it would be based around size, but also maybe if they're pushing themselves very hard. So someone who's a real like performance athlete, maybe? Sure, so.

And then the context of this clinical study we ran in Australia, we ran this study with one gramme of you're listening every day.

It's very, very interesting. Thank you. Is there anything else that I haven't touched on here that new? Or anything, anything you studied anything exciting you want to share?

Well, you know, I think we've covered a lot from you know, from muscle function to skin function to, you know, immune, and, you know, studying effects on brain and the future, I think we're, we're really what we're trying to do. Here, a timeline is really approach longevity and a holistic approach. So people have solutions for the different health benefits that they're concerned for, whether it's their muscle health, whether it's immune health, skin health, etc. And, yeah, we're, you know, we're early on in this journey, and really excited about it. And we have a lot of it now. 10s of 1000s of customers who are taking our product, and, and we're excited to have the impact that we are on people's lives. And so yeah, it's it, it comes sharing this information with other people is so important when you have a new product like this. And so I really enjoyed sharing with you today, Angela. Yeah, thank

you for coming on and talking about it, Chris. I mean, I think what I love about it is his the science that's behind it, and how well you study it, because I think it's so crucial, you know, for anyone listening and thinking about taking it, knowing that there's really good science behind it. And I think on your website, you link to the literature and things that people can have a look at. Do you want to share more about where people can find more about timeline if they're interested, and how they can connect with you?

Sure. So you know, you can timeline products can be purchased on our website, timeline nutrition.com. And on this website, you can also find not only our products, but as Angela was saying, links to all the publications that we have, that we've made over the years, both the preclinical and of course, more importantly, the clinical publications showing the benefits on muscle function, as well as a recent publication that came out on on the benefits on skin health as well. And so, which so it's a really, it's a great place to go also, we have a lot of nice blogs, where we talk about the importance of mitochondria function and, and other aspects linked to ageing and healthspan. We're all about healthspan. And and I think this is, this is an important sort of mindset that we should all have is how do we, you know, keep ourselves on our bodies functioning optimally for as long as we can. And we're here to help. Awesome.

Thank you so much. I think I think mastering our health and becoming the CEO of our health is such a crucial thing. Thank you for coming and sharing this. We will link to everything that you've talked about here today in the show notes. Thanks again.

Thank you so much. Appreciate it.

I hope today's episode inspired you on your journey to vibrant health and high performance make sure you check out the show notes for a summary of all the important links to everything we talked about. And if you enjoyed this episode, hit the Follow button and share it with a friend on social media and leave a review over on Apple podcast. Remember achieving high performance health is about getting 1% better each day. So think about one thing you learned from today's episode and start implementing it today. And share with me what you learned on social media over Angela Foster. I love hearing from you and connecting with you have a beautiful day and always remember you are worthy of your dreams.