2021-06-29 Methods for Mega Moonshots: AI to Longevity

5:33PM Jul 2, 2021

Speakers:

Alison Sander

Esther Dyson

Cory Pesaturo

John Werner

Peter Diamandis

Keywords:

question

xprize

peter

technology

ai

problem

world

mindset

prize

years

abundance

great

driving

thinking

mit

10x

solve

planet

longevity

people

No, no. Oh, it sounds great. I Xenia, great to see you Xenia, you can hit the three buttons in the upper right to improve the audio quality. You may already know that. But in case you didn't, I Xenia. Hi there Hello, everybody. So again for having me. So we're recording the show. And right after tonight, the show transcript will be up and the audio for the world listened to. And then we are going to pull out some audio Graham, some elements of the show. And we're gonna write some blogs about that conversation. And I see Peter is in the room. Great, great to have you, Peter. Peter is a hero to many. And for those who don't know him, I'm excited for you to meet him tonight. So everyone welcome to imagination action is a conversation with the world's most compelling people conversation with a dynamic mix of imaginators. I made that word up people who are re envisioning the nature of their industries, their work and driving the action that will power our futures. These are some of the most successful creative minds across science technology venture. And tonight, we're going to participate together in a robust and dynamic conversation. And for all these shows, we always have a musical opening and Cory who's the Michael Jordan of accordion, he has the world record for playing the longest he's not gonna play the longest tonight, he'll play a short piece. But he's also won World Championships on different continents and we have jessenia calling in from Poland and, and, and Peter, I'm sure there's a stamp that Peters on is a Greek American, so I asked him to play some Greek and polish music to kick us off. So Cory, if you could play some music and we'll get into it.

Yeah, and I don't usually get to play much Greek or Polish music because that's so this is kind of a fun opportunity for you guys just need a beater. So I'll see if I start with some some great freebies.

Greek and polish stuff.

show you guys. This is our 20th show of imagination action. Our next five shows we're going to do next, the age of mega fire and ambitious tech company plans to save the western forests. The builders of Netflix Lyft, Facebook and guidewire are now building a technology platform to help wildfire wildfires from becoming catastrophic. And in the process restoring the climate. It's going to be a discussion about the wildfire a perfect storm humans have created and their ambitious plan to build a gig economy to restore Western forests. The show after that is our only shot while biotechnology is so important for the future with Collins x the Chief Medical Officer of Madonna, Jane Metcalf, one of the co founders of wired and won and rica's the show after that is restoring ourselves breaking out of sexism and racism in Hollywood. Sarah Springer and Naomi McDougal Jones, two directors at a Hollywood talking about what it's like in Hollywood these days, and then disrupting aging, how to cultivate and harvest your wisdom chip Connelly 12 years with Airbnb, and Barbara Waxman and then Justin today we've confirmed Mark Bittman from New York Times, we're going to do a show animal vegetable junk. But tonight, his bold moves 10x approaches to mega moonshots when it comes to intractable problems. Conventional linear growth approaches just don't work unprecedented moonshots like these require teknicks thinking and unexpected, sometimes bizarre methodologies. And I'm so excited to introduce Peter. He has had tremendous impact on humanity. He wakes up every day thinking how we can help humanity. He's part Jacques Cousteau, Jules Verne, Madame Curie, James T. Kirk, you is one of the best and understanding how to harness the trends around exponential growth. When you think of Jeff Bezos driving across the US, as he was thinking about starting Amazon, Peter is thinking multi dimensionally about all sorts of technology and empowering people to use it. He's an engineer, physician entrepreneur. At age 12. He went to rocket design competition, you went to Hamilton College, where he wanted to triple major. And from what I understand they wouldn't let him so he transferred to MIT. workwith is an AI expert, you are not on mute. He went to MIT. And he got a degree both in molecular genetics and aerospace engineering, and an MD from Harvard Medical School. When in college, he also founded students for exploration and development of space. He's founder of more than 20 companies. And most recently COVID vaccine company is the founder of the XPrize modeled off the Spirit of St. Louis's prize winning flight contest, and we're gonna hear more about that today. He's also founded bold capital. He's written a bunch of books, abundance, and bold, highly recommended if you haven't read it, and he's had a ton of awards. And I'm not gonna go into all the details of those. But, you know, just amazing human, and we're really excited to interview you. We also have Justine Zander. By the numbers, she speaks five languages. She's a citizen of three countries, Poland, German, American 30 patents, three books, 40 science publications, she's co authored. She's been cited 2000 times, she's been listed as the most powerful woman in engineering twice on that list. And she has a doctorate in engineering. And she is the Global Head of verification and validation for autonomous driving, and works on scaling and autonomy, using autonomous vehicles to enable a safe fleet deployment. And this is a really big endeavor. This is like, like,

you know, this is this is huge. It's not classify. It's not classical mapping. It's, it's dynamic, it's late, it changes the scene, a dog weather, all these things. So she's running. She's scaling this, the scale of this work is unprecedented, unlike traditional software programming, and she's rethinking how to build software and training neural nets and doing simulations and data collection and taking the actual world and, and synthetic world and figure out what to do with it. And, you know, this is 10x thinking at its best, maybe even 30x or 100x thinking, Tesla just announced they are building the fifth largest supercomputer to try to address this stuff. And Justine Yeah, is doing this with the video and I can't wait to have her compliment, you know, Peters thinking. And then we have Xenia Tata, who is implementing the X PRIZE vision experience that program design and strategic management. She's worked in impacted many countries, I think over 40 I met her when she was working on clean water and India, just a great soul. She's the chief impact Officer of XPrize make computers vision a reality. And she oversees new prize design ensures the post prize initiatives lead to impact at scale. So now let's get into it. We have a bunch of questions, we're gonna ask our, our special guests, and then we're gonna open it up to people on the show to ask questions. So my first question is really

leader, john, john, first of all, thank you, for those generous, those generous introductions. You are a force of nature. Oh, my God, you truly are. And it's a pleasure to be here.

Now, my first question is, what were you like as a kid because you are a force nature today? And I'd like people to understand, you know, were you a visionary as a kid? Did you do things in parallel? What were you most excited about? when you were growing up? I know, space was was big, but you know what? We are other interests. So you know, back to you, Peter.

Yeah. Well, I was born in the Bronx I grew up in in in Westchester and Long Island. And both my parents were immigrants from the island of Lesbos in Greece. And my dad was a doctor, my mom could have been, should have been, she ran his his office practice in his office. And it was always expected since my earliest years that I'd become a physician. And it was, it was really a family that respected hard work and education, right, that was sort of like, you know, work hard, you know, get the best education you can contribute. And, and the challenge with the whole medical school angle, john, as you well know, was the Apollo program showed me what the world was actually able to do, which was extraordinary. still hard to believe that we land on the moon over 50 years ago and haven't been back and then at the same time, The Apollo program was, you know, hitting its stride. That incredible scientific documentary called Star Trek was starting to air. And it was it showed us where the world was going. And that inspired me. And I think, since those early single, you know, 889 10 and onward, I became an inspiration driven junkie, meaning when I was on fire when I was excited about something, that's when I was in my natural element. So, yeah, I was always doing space in my sort of nights and weekends and medicine, if you would to make my parents happy during the day, and that continued from high school through through college through medical school.

Wow, I love that image. This is Alison Peter of an inspiration driven junkie. So when did the concept of TEDx first come into your life? And how do you describe the implications and importance of doing 10x thinking?

So, you know, my career is in you know, school in my you know, through mid 20s, through medical school, and then about 15 years or so focused 20 years focused on space. My, you know, I got my medical diploma, shipped a colored photocopy to my parents, and then was running a rocket company literally, like the next day, I never did my internship residency. And it was in the mid to late 2000s 2000 567. X PRIZE had just been one. The question was, what was next I just gotten to know Ray Kurzweil very well, who had written a book called the Singularity is Near. And that book, I had a lot of right hand turns Allison and john as a result of reading books, I mean, literally, there's like four or five books that have changed my life, from Atlas Shrugged to man who sold the moon to singularities, near and Spirit of St. Louis. And I, when I read, the Singularity is Near, I was like, holy shit, you know, everything I've ever dreamed about in space is going to be reinvented and disrupted by virtue of all the technologies that space has not right now, you know, Ai, robotics, 3d printing, you know, ar VR, all those technologies, and I got enamored with that hooked up with Ray Kurzweil, and we co founded Singularity University in 2008 2009. And I became focused on the idea that these technologies, were going to enable individual entrepreneurs driven by passion driven by a purpose to go, you know, 10 times bigger than they've ever could before. And then every year, it's more and more capable than governments and companies. It's an extraordinary time to be an entrepreneur.

Peter, you wrote, in abundance, a lot of about that word. I'm curious, can you explain more about what steps it takes to develop an abundant life? And can everyone make this transition? And can you tell within minutes of meeting someone, if they're able to be an abundant thinker? and make this leap to?

Question? So, first of all, I mean, people ask a question, Peter, have you always had this abundance mindset? And I would say, No, not at all. It's it's a mindset I've crafted and focused on. So there are four mindsets in particular that I'm spending a lot of my time focusing on, and teaching and mentoring. And it's, you know, an abundance mindset, an exponential mindset, a moonshot mindset and a longevity mindset. And I think those are all mindsets. And, you know, when I ask people, what do you think is more important for an extraordinary entrepreneur, like Elon Musk, or Jeff Bezos, or Bill Gates, or, you know, late Steve Jobs? Was it the money they had? Was it the technology they had at their fingertips? Or was it their mindsets? And you know, john, would you agree their mindset if you took away everything else, but kept their minds that they they'd be able to regain back? what they what they lost?

So, you know, I agree with that. And I think, you know, you you're a practitioner, living your words. So that's one of the reasons why I think people really identify with you so much.

Well, and and thank you, and I would say that, you know, most people agree that mindset is the most critical tool you'll have as a leader as an entrepreneur. But yet when I ask people like, are you actively carefully crafting your mindset? Most people will say no, we inherit our mindset we inherited from our teacher or brother or sister or parents, the school we went to the fraternity we hung out, whatever it is, and and have it be more? No, no, let's choose the mindset. So an abundance mindset is one that realizes, listen, every year, there's going to be more and more opportunity, right? There's going to be there's, you know, even during a pandemic, in 2020, we hit all time capital highs, more capital being invested more capital being, you know, put into the global marketplace, in the venture marketplace, even during a pandemic, and in the next year is going to be higher than past years, there's more capital flowing, more access to knowledge centers, information, you know, cloud computation. And so if you missed a deal in the past, it's too bad, there's gonna be a lot better deals next year. So in an in a scarcity mindset, which is how we evolved as humans, you know, when you have when you bake a pie, and you'd have more people, you need to feed you slice into thinner and thinner slices. In an abundance mindset, you know, screw that we're gonna just bake more pies. And technology is the force that is allowing us to bake more pies every place.

Oh, my God, I love that metaphor. So help us out Peter. Like, suppose you had a hall of 10x achievement or an Oscars for 10x heroes? Who would you give the first awards to and who most inspired you as you were developing your thinking in their TEDx achievements?

So I mean, obviously, there are a multitude and most of the people who have really made the biggest impact on the planet are also the best known and wealthiest on the planet. I like to say, listen, the world's biggest problems are the world's biggest business opportunities. Why become a billionaire help a billion people? So there's no question that, you know, Larry and Sergey with Google, I would put, you know, the impact of Google on the world up against the, you know, the top 100 philanthropies out there in terms of making knowledge, democratize demonetized D materialized, and giving it available to everybody. Right, and the impacts that Android have had. You know, what, what, what we've also seen in terms of 10, acts on with Amazon and with Apple, you know, have been have been extraordinary, you know, Ilan, without any question has had some of the most massive breakthroughs in terms of showing us how we can shift to reinventing massive industries, like the industrial military complex, I mean, he, I remember, I've known him since roughly 2000. And when he started SpaceX, the I knew the space industry very well, they used to laugh at him. You know, the the folks at Boeing and Lockheed, whomever is like, Hmm, this guy doesn't know anything about rockets thinks he's in the business. And he's, you know, he's massively reinvented it. But then we have these companies that are no place, like relativity space, right. Tim Ellis and his team, there are now 3d printing rockets, 90 to 95% of a rocket and we're seeing a, he's going to reinvent rocketry yet again. So it's, it really is truly an extraordinary world we live in is the best time ever to be an entrepreneur.

So Peter, I'm gonna ask you two questions, and feel free to pass if you don't want to go on the record. But if NASA called you and said, Hey, we want you to run NASA, and you have an unlimited budget. I'm curious, how would you? How would you take that job on? And what would the first 1000 days look like? If MIT called and said, We want you to be our next president? I don't want to say that that's going to happen. I have no insight. But I'm just curious. You know, MIT, well, like, you know, if you were to take that job on, you know, how would you shape the institution? You've been such a leader in education, you know, what would you do with these two posts? And you could pass on these two questions.

I will answer them. Because I have stories about both of them. I did receive a question in the last administration, if I were interested in the NASA post, and I said I'd rather shoot myself with a gun.

I did say unlimited budget. So

I You did say unlimited budget. And that's it. That's awesome. In the unlimited budget is for sure. But I'll tell you who's got more on limited budgets than NASA and that's, you know, baby, it's Bezos and musk. They, you know, I've known them both for a while and they're both truly committed to spending every last dime, they have to opening up space. But having said that, the challenge with the government space program is it's part of the industrial military complex and the You know, we still have a challenge of, of taking of true breakthroughs require risk. And when there's failures in the government system, there are conveyer congressional investigations and, and people are far less risk averse today. And these large government programs, and they were one of the smartest people in the, in the space business. One said, Listen, you have to realize that this space program is how the government keeps the military engine funded and operating during peacetime. And I said that was interesting. Go inside. Anyway, I love the idea of that NASA is focused on getting us to the moon, and is I commend NASA for the work they've done in privatizing and really utilizing private systems and the fact that you know, a woman will step next from the US side, at least on the moon, hopefully, in the next, you know, three or four years is awesome. But I think not until we create a truly entrepreneurial engine in space, will we be able to do this ad do it efficiently and do it unconstrained? You know, I find john is you know, of saying everything we hold a value on earth metals, minerals, energy, real estate are near infinite quantities in space. And so, you know, I think we should be mining asteroids, I think we should be building habitats that will become sort of the backup biospheres for humanity. I think it's a moral ethical obligation for the human race, to move irreversibly off the planet when you can. I thank the European settlers 500 years ago for moving to the Americas. I'm super happy to be here. I think many people will, will thank the pioneers of, of humanity that move into space reversibly. So what about mit? MIT, so jealous that that, you know, Paul Gray was my MIT president, while I was here, and the guy was amazing. Paul Gray was just extraordinary in even giving me as a lowly sophomore the time of day, when I got my first organization called students for exploration, development of space going said, I remember he said, Listen, you know, MIT has a very key attribute that you have to understand. He said, it has viscosity. You can do anything at MIT, as long as you keep pushing. But if you stop, you're not going to get there. And so he taught me that. And I have had, you know, said, started at MIT and international space University started at MIT. And then I had the chance to get to know Susan hockfield. Next, when she was president, MIT, and I said, Susan, keep my seat warm. She was putting me I said, someday I'd like to come back to MIT as a president. And she goes, No, no, no, no, you don't want to do that. You don't want to do that. It's way too much administration, and too much paperwork. They're much more fun posts you're gonna have here. So I think I love MIT. I love MIT with an extraordinary passion. And it's I you know, I have two boys were 10 I hope and pray they'll consider going and that they'll have the ability to be considered there. The one thing that I would say that MIT doesn't celebrate enough,

is entrepreneurship. You know, Dave Blunden, well, was a dear friend, fraternity brother. And, you know, for me, you know, MIT celebrates its Nobel laureates. And it's, you know, it's all the over 90 of them fight over the prize, all the prize, all the prize winners, and it has, but I think MIT shouldn't really step up to the entrepreneurial game. MIT needs the needs to I mean, Stanford has just blown everybody out of the water and what they've been able to do. But they're real, you know, labs and pure science is amazing. But if you look at who's making who's making the biggest dent in the universe, it's entrepreneurs, really solving the world's biggest problems creating economic engines behind them, that then really transform society in a sustainably permanent fashion versus being an interesting discovery that well it might get applied later. So I think MIT if I were the president MIT would be you know, game on let's create the real entrepreneurial engines here. Let's celebrate the entrepreneurs we have let's connect those to the side you know, I mean, massive amount of science coming out of you know, building set you know, all the core seven all the biotech world. It's amazing. Anyway,

that that is so exciting that we I am speaking from Cambridge and we feel like they're entrepreneurs all around, but but not the same as on the west coast. So I think that's very true. So you've said many times, Peter, that abundance is our future? Where is it that you most see that abundance coming into resolution? You've talked about outer space and technologies and genomics, and also a new, what do you think it is that could actually stand in the way of an abundant future you, you've kind of talked about bureaucracy, lack of vision, but I'd love to hear sort of, as you look out in the way that you think, decade aliy, you know, where do you see sort of the highest topographies of abundance showing up 20 or 30 years from now? And what are the things that you worry might really slow that down? Sure,

great question. And I think we forget how abundant The world has truly become, you know, we forget that life, you know, even 100 years ago was short and brutish, and hard. And you would work, you know, 80 hour weeks to survive, let alone what it was like, you know, 500 years ago, or 1000 years ago, it's just recently that humanity is taking a vacation from fundamental survival. And so, you know, just let's go through, you know, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, or pick a few of them. You know, we used to go and kill whales off off the, you know, the coast of Cape Cod there for whale oil to light our nights. Right, then we Ravage mountainsides to get cold, and we drilled kilometers into the ground to get oil. And but we live on a planet that's bathed in 8000 times more energy from the sun than we consume as a species in a year. So we are on the verge of a wonderful abundance of, of energy to quote Bob Metcalf. And, you know, the poorest countries in the world are the sunniest countries in the world. And so they'll become the net energy exporters. And if you have abundant water, if you have abundant energy, you've got abundant water. In that, you know, you can desalinate, we just had the water abundance XPrize wonders, there's quadrillions of liters of water in the atmosphere, you just have to pull it out. It's called rain when it happens naturally. If you have clean drinking water, half the disease burden of planet Earth goes away, because it's half of its dude on clean drinking water. Until all of these implications are are there, they're dominoes that fall into each other, the top, you know, ai eyes, if you know we're heading towards massive inflection points in AI. We'll hear about that from Christina. But AI plus bandwidth plus very cheap devices equals the best education on the planet, and the best health care on the planet. So, you know, ultimately, I think there's very little that can't be made abundant. We just saw the with the largest jewelry companies in the world, just make a announcement that they're not going to be using mined diamonds or or precious stones are going to manufacture them all. So we have an infinite amount, you know, infinite free resource of diamonds and rubies and emeralds. I mean, it's the cost of methane, water and electricity. I mean, it's crazy cheap.

Anyway, great, everyone, you're listening to imagination, action. This is bold moves, TEDx approaches, with, with some extraordinary people. In a few 45 we're gonna have a 92nd musical interlude from Corey. And we're gonna open this up to audience questions, but we have a few set questions for our speakers that they haven't seen before. So you're hearing them live. So you can judge their reaction? Our next?

Yeah, just to get the second half of that question. Because Yeah, you're such an inveterate optimist that, you know, it's sort of we all leave invigorated reading your books, but on some dark nights and some parts of your life Do you ever worry about? Well, not what are you worried about? But what could come in the way of that abundance? So it's sort of as you're describing it, it's so powerful. It sounds like if we change our mindsets, you know, very to technology, anything's possible. But what are the forces that you think could hold that back? Yeah, so

there's, first of all, you know, we do have existential risks as a society. I know XPrize we set our theme for last year as visioneering before COVID hit, as addressing humanity's existential risks of which a pandemic was definitely one of our top, I think was our number two, you know, there's existential risks around asteroid impact, you know, a asteroid on a collision course. could make COVID-19 look like a sunny day in Santa Monica. And it's so there are large scale problems that can hit us. That would set us back. You know, do I? Am I concerned about AI? becoming the Terminator? No, actually, I'm not I'm not concerned about AI becoming the Terminator. I, I think AI could cause some challenges as a toddler with a, you know, with a hammer could cause some challenges, but I don't think we're going to see AI actually take action that will be dystopian, I think that's basically what Hollywood does to us. And I'm kind of pissed at Hollywood and the ending use about all the dystopian news all the time and not showing us the other half of the the positive elements. Could there be mistakes? Could it be a problems? You know, I don't think government's gonna be able to regulate or slow down any of this technology. It's not regulatable there's no on off switch. There's no, you know, volume switch, it's, it's driving our job as as leaders is to is to guide the technology to focus on the world's biggest problems. I think, the more I think one of the biggest problems we've had in the past has been when we've had desk bots and and religious zealots, and so forth, convince people and divide people. But one of the things we're heading towards is a world of, you know, trillions of sensors, where everybody is connected all the time. And, and people behave differently when they're being observed. When the CNN cameras in your face and you've been an evil leader, you behave differently. One of the foundations I used to support was the Lindbergh Foundation, when they would fly drones over over elephant herds. Because when drones were flying over the herds, the poachers didn't, didn't attack them. Anyway. I'll pause there.

So Peter, I mentioned to jack Hillary that I was interviewing you tonight. He said, he said, Ask him about the billions that are not don't have mobile phones and not part of the global economy. How do we get them into the global ecosystem?

So So hey, to jack, and you know, the number of people without mobile telephony is dropping every single year where you know the thing, there are two elements that are required. First and foremost, we need to provide bandwidth everyplace in the planet. And that's happening by a multitude, right? There's obviously starlink is going up. You know, Bezos has QPR. There's a, there is one web, there's god of China out of Russia, a multitude. So there'll be, you know, the experiment done 30 years ago with Iridium and Globalstar until a desk that failed, is being done again. And we're covering every square meter on the planet with 100 megabit, two gigabit connection speeds plus 5g coming. So the connectivity is going to be there. And then you really how do we create feature phones that are cheap enough? I've seen john and you may well have as well. designs for $20 phones, right? And if you have a phone, that's that cheap, you know, Amazon is going to give you one, Facebook's going to give you one and say hey, if you order stuff on on Facebook or Amazon, you can have this phone for free. So I do think it's a matter of D monetizing and democratizing these things. There are going to be those people who don't want access, and that's fine. But I think we're heading towards a world where anyone who does want it will effectively get it at a de minimis cost.

And what do you see that are the differences between tech challenges and social challenges? I see Esther dysons in the room and she mentioned to me Hey, ask Peter that question. So I'm channeling Esther.

Yeah. And Esther is amazing. And I love you, Esther and I miss you. And thank you for joining us here. So there are there are significant social channel challenges and they go back to cultural norms which have been around forever. and cultural. You know, culture takes a long time to change. But it does change and we've seen a tremendous change around the world. I think the world in which information is accessible and communication is free and available, are are the most important mechanisms for for balancing this I think technology is the force that takes what was scarce and makes it abundant right technology makes communication abundant makes knowledge of abundant, makes energy abundant mix water abundant mix all these things abundant. And there's, there's an argument since I wrote with Steven Kotler abundance, the futures is better than you think back 10 years ago, the case has gotten so much stronger. But in in the social change for, you know, let alone for nation states, even for populations within, you know, women or people of color, or whatever the case might be. The change does occur, it just takes time. But here's the biggest problem we have. It's our bias mindset. We're biased against time in the following way. We forget what life used to be like 50 years ago, or 100 years ago, or 500 years ago, we forget how far we've truly come. We've made massive strides. And it's not enough. But people should feel hopeful of the change that has occurred in terms of equality in terms of equality and access to even education or health care, information, all these things. So it was there.

So you guys, this is imagination action. Alison Sander, the chief futurist, BCG and I are interviewing some extraordinary people in a moment you're going to hear from Justine Yeah, who's running selling like a Manhattan Project and Nvidia you know, Peters, the visionary, helping give a framework for a lot of things. And, and Justine Yeah, who was a student in one of the first classes of Singularity University that Peter started, is like a young disciple who's just doing amazing things. So can't wait for us to hear from from her and also hear from Xenia Tata, who's implementing the prizes at X PRIZE that Peter put in motion. But excited to keep this going. And we're gonna also open this up to audience for you all to ask questions. I see some great people in the audience are wonderful questions. So Allison, back to you.

Great. So Peter, you mentioned at the beginning of the top of the hour, the four critical mindsets that we all need to start training our minds in being abundance, exponential thinking, moonshots, and longevity? I'd love to understand a little bit more about these mindsets like where can people go to deepen their skills in this type of thinking? And who are the leaders that you think most have the ability to lead in all four mindsets?

So first of all, there's a thank you. But there's a multitude of mindsets, right? Those four are simply the ones that I'm really focused on writing about teaching, I restructured my mice, my mastermind coaching program called abundance 360, around those mindsets, so I'm writing about them and, and, and teaching around them. But I think one of the things that's interesting, and we'll hear about this for a little bit from from Christina, as you think about the world today, we're learning all about neural nets, and machine learning and AI and all of these, and the realization that if you've got a neural net, that you want to train up as being able to see people in the street or to recognize cats or dogs, whatever it is, you need to show that that machine learning algorithm with a neural net, a multitude of examples, all these different photos, you the proverbial Google, scraping YouTube for cat videos, and so forth. And if you train up a neural net on on cat photographs, or cat videos, and you show it a dog, it's going to tell you it's a cat. Because that's what it's been trained on. And so when all of us are watching, you know, the crisis News Network, CNN or Fox or whatever, I'm a cute acronym for Fox but and we're seeing all of this disaster going on in the world. over and over and over again, every murder every accident, every problem on the planet. Our neural nets our brains are trained up to be in absolute fear and tyranny of all this stuff going on. What would you expect? Because all you're seeing is the negative news 10 to one, right. And the job of the newspaper, the TV, the radio is to deliver your eyeballs to their advertisers. And because our brains pay 10 to one attention, negative news to positive news, because that would save our life on the savannahs of Africa. The news media feeds us negative news. You know if it bleeds, it leads, you know, pick up the newspaper I've stopped getting one and I don't watch the news. I'll I'll Listen to 10 minutes of news once a day or look at Google News very quickly for a for a glance. But it's 10 to one negative to positive, you can count the number of negative stories of positive stories. And so what do you want to train your mind with? I've actually created a platform called future loop Comm. It's free FUTUREL op calm, and I ended up building an algorithm. And I have a platform that scans the world's news, looking for attributes that are future only positive semantics, and focused on the convergence of exponential technologies on different industries. So if you understand what's the future of clothing, or the future of whatever future loop will generate, though, it'll search the news, and I'm looking to train my mindset on what's going on in longevity, what's going on in moonshots, or whatever it might be. And so I'm careful what I let into my mind.

Great. So you mentioned longevity. So I want you're doing some really important work on longevity research. And I was curious for you to paint a picture of what you think might be possible next 20 to 30 years, what technologies and companies most excite you, but before I have you answer that Alex Wisner gross, can you this is like a Daily Double. Can you ask a question to Peter and and just show off how clever you are? Thanks, john.

Peter, great to be chatting with you again. So maybe let me piggyback on John's question. So something that that I think you've been thinking about I know I've been thinking about quite a bit lately is this concept of longevity escape velocity, and what one might naturally generalize from LTV to escape velocities in general? And I'm curious, if you've given any recent thought to sort of escape velocities for everything, we have exponential curves everywhere, is there an escape velocity for every other mindset or exponential curve?

That's that's a fascinating question. And you've asked me enough questions between the two of you to take the next few hours. So when we talk about longevity escape velocity to define it for people listening, as science is learning why we age, and perhaps how to slow it down, how to stop it, or how to reverse it. One of the ideas that Aubrey de Grey coined and Ray Kurzweil spoken about is that there is theoretically a moment in time in the future where for every year that you're alive, science is extending your life for more than a year. And that is, you know, that there's a de lamination or departure that occurs there and its longevity escape velocity. I asked Ray how long that is from now he says 11 years ask Aubrey how far it is. He says 20 years I say either one of those are great answers. For me. I'm shooting for at least that long. And the reality is that this decade is going to be the most extraordinary times ever for biotech. I'm, I've a venture fund bold capital, we're investing two thirds of our of our $300 million fund into the biotech space and to the health tech longevity space arena. Tony Robbins and I are writing a book right now called life force. It's a big book, it's a 700 page book, and we got to cut it down somehow. But it's a we got a $4 million advance for it, we're donating 100% of the proceeds of the advance to to research. And it's just so much going on in phase one, phase two, phase three clinical studies, around everything from stem cells to when pathway manipulations to you know, to organ regrowth to everything going on in cancer and heart disease is so much happening, that it's massively exciting. And how do you keep up with it? How do you track this stuff? And so I think about longevity, I think it's the biggest business potential in the world. Or on the planet, I would say you still can't take it with you. And at the end of the day, if you could add 20 or 30 healthy years and and you know so the mantra I use it 100 years old is that you 60 where you've got the aesthetics that cognition and mobility at 100. And you feel great and you can contribute to society and you're got the energy and joy and the mindset to keep going. You're not like you know, dreading every day and drooling and diapers. That's not longevity. It's it's just pain. So, I think, you know, I'm tracking this I do a longevity Platinum trip every year. I bring about 32, philanthropists and investors, and we toured the top startups and companies and labs and look where to make investments and where to donate funds to. And this last year we did in San Diego in San Francisco This year, we're doing it in Boston, Cambridge, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, in August and again in September. And it's, and it's, you know, for me, it's like, my eyes are just wide open, and I'm blown away by the work, it's being done.

Well, in fact, we're so excited, you're coming to Boston for that. And there's all kinds of research happening in this area. So it's, it's amazing. As a longevity aficionado and expert, I think the clubhouse audience would love to hear a little bit, which of these things are in the lab and what you do personally, Peter in your life, to maximize your own good health? I think you've written different versions of this that I read in different places, but love to know a little bit more, you know, what are the practices affordable and unaffordable that people today can do who want to get that extra longevity assist?

Yeah, and I think there are practices that are important. And it's, by the way, spoiler alert, it's not anything that you don't already know. So there's a lot coming online. But right now, I am absolutely convinced that the fundamentals of getting eight hours of sleep, Matt Walker has an amazing book called why we sleep that I commend to all of you, once you read that book, you'll realize No, you can't get away with a five and a half or six hours of sleep, you really do need eight hours if if evolution could have reduced the number of required hours for sleep it would have. So getting a great night's sleep and how to get a good night's sleep with a good eye mask or cooling the temperature of the room or getting a cooling mattress. All those things are important. So I really do shoot for eight hours. If I get seven, that's okay, seven and a half fine. Eight is awesome. The next thing is getting rid of sugar in your diet. I've been a vegan, I've been a I've been on a keto diet. The one thing that is clear for me is sugar is a killer. constellated cholesterol in the bloodstream is what gives you heart disease. It's not just the cholesterol. It's the fact that you got high glucose levels, it causes inflammation. So reducing sugar and carbohydrates. A whole plant a space diet, all this stuff is fundamental exercise. It doesn't to be a lot. You know, I'll try and get 10,000 steps a day. And I'll try and do some weights every day. And just muscle mass is critically important. mindset you can will yourself to life and will yourself to death. I know that in the world of longevity, I am so extraordinarily excited. We're working on $100 million age reversal XPrize right now. I've got to the top scientists on the planet guiding this work. I've got half of the 100 million dollars raised estrich, nobody else wants to help me find with rest of it. And I've got lots of conversations going on. But it's, I think, I think that we can actually look at reversing age and understanding the root causes, and how do we slow it, stop it, potentially reverse it? A lot of the work that Dr. David Sinclair and George church at Harvard and abroad, have really pioneered. So I think those are the fundamentals. And then what's coming down on top of that one of the most important things is we don't actually know what's going on inside our body. Most of us think we're fine. And we may be but until you end up in the ER with a pain in your side, and the doctor says I'm sorry to tell you you've got stage whatever cancer. And guess what, it didn't just happen that morning. It's been going on for some time. So there's really a whole new set of technologies coming out for diagnostics. And I think we're gonna head from that once a year medical exam, that is in the doctor's office using a stethoscope and it's kind of bullshit actually, right now, really, it's like the technologies we have to understand what's going on. So a whole body MRI is now for me a baseline I do it every year, either at the health nucleus at human longevity in San Diego, or a sister organization that I co founded with, with Tony Robbins and Marc Benioff and Bill cap called fountain life that's on the east coast in Florida in New York.

But I Do a full body MRI to make sure nothing's changed. And there's nothing growing that shouldn't be growing growl is just come online to determine and detect any kind of, you know, liquid biopsy any cancers going on inside. And then the new technologies using AI to look at your, your coronary disease used to be that if you had a plaque a calcium score, a high calcium score, you were like, Oh my god, no, no, if you got a calcium score, if your if your plaque in your hearts calcified, that's good, that's stable, it's not going anyplace, it's the soft plaque that you can't normally see. That's the challenge. And there's a new technology called clearly, CL e R, L y that we're rolling out in fountain in fountain life that uses AI to find that the, the soft unstabilized plaque that can cause a heart disease with someone with no calcium score. So there's lots of stuff like that. It's it's the old the the final thing I say, is not to die from something stupid. If it's preventable, if it's finable, you want to know, and you want to zap it at stage zero. So, you know, uploading myself diagnostically every year and looking for anything going on. And when I find something which I eventually will zap it at the beginning. So those are the things I'm focused on.

So you guys, this is imagination action. We just completed the first segment. Now we're going to focus on Justine. Yeah, we're gonna ask Peter you to weigh in on some of the things she said this is really fitting because you know, Peter, you're such a visionary. You framed a lot of things, you inspire many and just Dania, as you're running this important project that could transform how we move around the planet. She's running a software hardware play that I think is gonna have profound impact. And she's using some of the tenets, philosophy or principles that you've done such a good job at articulating and connect with the world. Cory, if you could do a brief musical interlude. And next, Alison, I will introduce the world to Justine. Yeah, who's in Poland. And it's very late or early in the morning. Thanks for staying up for this show.

Sure thing. And no, of course, everything you hear on here is being done on an accordion and electric accordion Nonetheless, the space age accordion, no backing tracks.

So, so thank you, Cory. Justine. Yeah, you're working on technologies like autonomous vehicles, that would not be possible without abundant thinking, what role does teknicks abundant thinking play at a company like nividia? Is this different from previous companies you've worked on? I know you've worked in Germany at the White House at mathworks. A number of other places.

It is different. So first of all, just Tina to make it easy. And the interview sure I'm in Poland visiting family, but Vidya is actually in Silicon Valley, and that's where I'm located. And Vidya is different. And the reason it's different is because it's kind of like a marriage between what the automotive industry was with the newest AI driven software driven platform that the Nvidia delivers. So you have this combination of, of two different worlds. And now the question is, how do you balance that? So I think in order to balance properly and build a platform that works for everybody in autonomy, you I think of abundances as your mindset. Just to come back to what Peter said. So I think, you know, you have to be now an optimist when you are building a technology. And that's definitely part of the abundance that is required. And second thing that you need is you have to be guided by the first principles. Because they don't disappear, whether you're building a AI driven software, or whether you are building controller driven software, like it used to be in the past is still driven by the first principles of physics and engineering. And you will not you will not be able to forget about those, especially the engineering part, you still have to build the infrastructure, you still have to build the data center where you have to absorb all the data that are going to be used for the AI. And in in the case of autonomous systems. It's typically computer vision. That is the the the new game changer, so to say,

by the way, hi, Justine, it's good to hear your voice. Hey, Peter, thank you for joining. Yeah, no. I mean, can I just ask a question? I mean, Nvidia has been such an extraordinary company. I think it's one of the most important companies on the planet in terms of, of its vision, what what makes an video is like the purest play in AI out there for me, what makes it a video Tic

Tac thing, problems that hasn't had not been solved in the past. So frankly, attacking the problems that nobody else is able to solve. That's kind of what what is guiding your mission in life as well. And, and, you know, Nvidia, you know, the way in video was conceived, it was all about graphics processing, and then computer vision. And then, just because the technology was advancing, that, frankly, the advancing of the technology, next Nvidia to be the AI company, because GPU was very well designed to do matrix multiplication properly. And so kind of as a coincident, it became the AI processor. And you would think it's, it's a coincidence, but obviously, Nvidia started investing in AI research. 10 years ahead, it became a hot topic. And the reason for this is because the CEO of Nvidia is exceptionally visionary in terms of how he thinks about the technology. It's just one doctor, Honoris Causa and multiple other titles. So the way he thinks about problems is he, you know, he focuses on how do I solve it, and years from now? It's not how do I solve it now, because obviously, now, there's many things that you can. But But if you if you are living in this mindset, that then years ahead, you're going to be able to converge or use things, you can sell things in your head first, and then you can basically build it. That's how India operates. That's how. So now with autonomy, you know, it's actually it's a funny story, because when I was in Germany, say 15 years ago, or when I was starting my career in automotive 20 years ago, nobody was thinking about AI being a solution. For at the time, automated driving, it was all about controllers. So even my PhD in Germany at office, it's a very famous Research Institute

in the world,

it was all about designing the controllers and making sure that we test those controllers, so that they are safe on the road, there is a specific process and multiple workflows, how you have to test software and hardware design to make it and now when you're dealing with AI, we are dealing with the same problem. So quality is still the same first principle problem, but you have to solve this problem in a different way. And that's, that's roughly what is my focus is India. So making sure that everything we build is not just functional, and does not just work everywhere, but it always works with safety first. In your mind,

Justin. Yeah, this is Alison, I wanted to ask a little bit more about this kind of amazing visionary thinking that you're describing in Nvidia. I mean, do you see this as just a step in our evolutionary world? Do you think the next generation is gonna think 20x? Or 50x? Or 100x? I mean, how do you, in addition to the CEO looking to solve problems from the future? You know, how do you decide how big a leap is possible? Or you just let the laws of physics and engineering be the guides?

Honestly, I think the lip is unlimited. It depends where we focus our energy. And the reason I think so is I give you an example. Or I give you multiple examples. So one is, think about the pandemics. Because we as humanity had such a big problem, we invented the vaccine, I would say relatively quickly. And the reason for that was because we focused all energy. And we started collaborating globally, to come up with a solution. And frankly, a solution is also different because you you're, frankly, reprogramming your mRNA. And that's your solution, at least in the Pfizer and moderni case. So we we not only invented the vaccine, but we also invented a different way of thinking about vaccines, which might contribute to cancer, treatment and whatnot. So what I'm saying is that, if you focus the energy to solve the problem, you can you are practically Unlimited, because technology is not going to limit you. The only thing that is limiting us in technology is compute. And finally, because you know, in semiconductor industry, you can see how things are how quickly things are changing. For example, in the car, the the electronic control unit in the car, or if you want to be more more than you can say the AI chip in the car is about 320 tops right now, the one that is being shipped with the from Nigeria, with the OEMs that we are shipping to, but it's just, you know, it's today, if you think about what's going to happen in two to four years, it's going to be about 1000 tops. And if you think about previous generation, we had Parker, and from Parker, Xavier, it was eight times higher, from Xavier to to the next generation Outland. It's, I think four times higher, but integrated. So it's always more and more. At some point, it's so much more that you cannot count it anymore. The only thing that you're you can do is you optimize your design to solve even bigger problem. And in autonomy, it's exactly what's happening. So how do you solve an even bigger problem. So for example, today, when you drive an on an automated driving car, you highly rely on vision. So it's typically a two plus level functionality, it drives you in an autopilot mode, maybe on the highway. But this is because because one because of the compute until because of how we deal with computer vision, and how expensive or inexpensive the sensors are. If you think about in 10 years, the sensors are going to be much less expensive, you will have way more compute. So it's it's not inconceivable that autonomy is going to be on the road very, very soon, just because of how those technologies and are converging. Now, being on the road is just one thing, but being on the road safely is another thing. So making a prediction about when the autonomy is coming on the road for everybody is a completely different prediction than making a prediction. When is it going to be available for for someone in in a closed fast environment?

I love I love those examples. And you know, I think many people are coming to realize that some of the smart driving provisions like level two and three autonomy are already saving quite a few accidents but just didn't. Yeah, I wanted to ask you that question that. We asked Peter in the beginning which is do you think in your life growing up that abundant thinking and TEDx thinking was always present sort of the nature concept Or do you think it's something you had to develop and teach yourself and cultivated sustainability? university? Like, do you think it's a nurture? It's a nature, it's a mix of that, how do you see that?

And singularity, I think it's a, it's all of the above. So you're definitely not born with this mindset, but you, you will cultivate it, and you will also life is going to throw challenges at you. So, you know, I'm a double immigrant, I first immigrated to Germany, and then I immigrated to the US. And I strongly believe that those challenges that it threw at me, shaped me, they, frankly, I had to build resistance. And at some point, I decided that I don't want to just be resistant, that's not sufficient. I actually want to enjoy everything that I'm doing. And I want everybody else to enjoy the results of my work. And so this is how you create abundance. So you asked me, it's definitely something that you have to nurture. And you know, people who are surrounding you are an extremely important part of it. So it's not that you're just an abundant force in the universe, and you can create everything yourself, I think it's a lot about who you interact with, and how you interact with people.

Show this is for both Peter and jessenia. What do you see the current status of self driving industry? And what are the challenges that need to be addressed? And when will self driving cars be commonplace? And in what settings? And how will that change our society? I've heard you, Peter, I've heard you say that, you know, suddenly, you know, there could be a redistribution of where people live as a result of this. And, you know, the pandemic, I think a lot of people were at home, but, you know, how does autonomy change things. And I remember when the Segway was coming on board, everyone said, that's gonna change everything. And it really didn't. But I feel like the Segway was kind of the Newton. You know, smartphones really did change things. But yeah, on this topic, what do you guys? Just, you

know, ladies first on the one we're gonna see, you know, according to Ilan, we saw two years ago, but what's real?

I mean, this is also not wrong. I mean, there is no wrong answer here. Because it depends how you frame the question. For example, you know, on a campus at MIT, which, by the way, I also love similarly, similarly, as you guys on the campus at MIT, imagine you would have MIT cars that are driving staff around by these buildings. I think that's something achievable. And the reason I think so is because you can do of asset you can build very, very precise High Definition maps, on which your, say 10 different cars are going to drive the cars are going to be designed in a very specific way that is going to be very easy to control them and manage them and make sure that they're always quality proofed and safe in that geo fenced area, on a sunny day in Boston, everything changes when when you put snow into that game. Because that means that the Yeah, that means that the operational design domain is changing. And so now, everything that you designed for does not hold the numerati, some of those things do not hold anymore, the dynamic behavior of the vehicle is different, you know, the velocity of the vehicle can be controlled differently, if it is controlled by AI and the prediction of AI, it has to be adjusted. So it has to be retrained, there is a million things that can go wrong, and you will have to account for them.

So let me ask you a slightly different question. Just you know, which is which is the following it's um, you know, one of the biggest debates and discussions has been around what kind of sensors put put the AI aside is do you get to level five with with visual camera systems only? Or do you need, you know, ultrasound, LIDAR, radar, and the multitude of other centers? You know, one argument from first principle thinking would be well, a human driver can do it really well with just their, their visual sensors and we're seeing tremendous progress. Where does Nvidia come out in terms of what sensor suites are needed?

Okay, so I can speak for myself or for Nvidia if I speak okay. do you what do you think? You say? So Nvidia is a platform company, which means we serve everybody. And obviously, every car manufacturer is going to be different. So every car manufacturer is going to have different needs. That means some of them are going to want on the camera based system, some others are going to want the camera and LIDAR and many other sensors. And also depends on the application, it depends on the region where it is going to be applied, it depends on the level of autonomy, and so on and so on. So there is no, there is really no scissor answer to that. Now, if you ask me, I'm a quality person, I really take care of quality and safety in my daily life at work. So I would like to put as many as as soon as possible, cause it to be redundant or even double redundant, because they're going to take care of safety. And when I say when I say safety, it's not, it's not the layman understanding of basic Functional Safety and safety of intended functionality. Both technical terms are very well defined by standards. And you have to prove when you build when you build your car, you have to prove how you are going to deliver on them. So again, two different answers. Yeah, I would not criticize anybody on the market who is doing one or the other. It really depends.

What was the second part of the question? Allison? Allison Allison, Ajani. You guys, they're happy to have you here. Hi. Good to see you.

Sorry, I think I just, I think we might have just lost john. So he'll come back from the matrix after being new. I'm

here. No, I think Peter asked what your second part of the question was.

Yeah, I missed it. I missed the second part of the question. So do you remember it?

Well, I think it was John's question. Oh, but, but it was really about just the timeframe for autonomous driving. And, you know, when, when it's gonna

it was the implication. So you know, here's the here's the reality. The promise for autonomous electric vehicles, not just autonomous vehicles, the electric side is, is important because it reduces maintenance costs, and it's higher energy efficiency, and so forth. The potential for electric autonomous car as a service, taking it, you know, next means that the poorest people in the country are going to be chauffeured around, right, because it's the cheapest mechanism for them to get around. And that's, I find a fascinating situation, right. The second thing is, all of a sudden, if, if you're able to live and work an hour apart from so if you're if you're working in downtown Cambridge, but you don't want to and you don't want to pay for downtown Cambridge housing prices, you could live an hour outside of Cambridge, you can get two or three times the house for the dollar, or you can get you know, same house for a third of your dollars. So again, a little bit towards the abundance thinking in that regard. And all of a sudden, your hour commute back and forth, becomes me time, it becomes time that you that you get to play video games, meditate, you know, do whatever you want in the back of a car sleep. And it becomes extraordinary. And, you know, obviously, we're all zooming around the planet these days versus even driving anywhere. But I think that the implication all of a sudden is housing is cheaper, their jobs you get access to are easier. And this is all sort of a presumed conversation. But also the price of real estate begins to change. Because I don't have to worry about finding work and housing that are next to each other, because I've dislocated that. And, you know, autonomous cars are part of it. The other big part of the equation is flying cars. Electric vertical takeoff or landing vehicles are here. They're in different stages of development. There's been, you know, we've seen billions 10 plus $12 billion in public offerings amongst three or four companies so far. So all of a sudden, where you live and where your work just got a little smaller in an extraordinary way.

Yeah, I'd like to. I like what you're saying. I'm actually a big believer that you can have electric supersonic flights as well.

Yes, I agree with that. Yeah, I saw I saw a design. I saw a design on Ilan, so whiteboard for electric supersonic vehicle. So for commercial glide,

right, I'm going to start with like this 10 years ago. Yes, I was the mother to building it. So, yeah, I agree with you that the infrastructure and the housing implications are incredible, obviously saving people's life and eliminating human error from driving. We don't have to mention that self explanatory. Another thing is maybe the carbon footprint, the co2 footprint, because now, if it is all electric, and other all autonomous, all of a sudden, we think about gasoline differently. So the whole oil industry is going to be redefined as well.

And funny, because, yep,

kind of analogous to how computing infrastructure is evolving. So you mentioned Amazon, I think Nvidia is also a similar example of showing how computing infrastructure is actually redefining technology. I think it's democratizing technology access. And as you rightfully said before, about the medicine and biotech is because of the computing infrastructure, not only the speed, but also the storage, and the processing, and the networking between the processing of AI and traditional software. This is defining how much progress you can make in application domains, for example, in LGBT or in trading the vaccine and whatnot, or maybe even in your diagnostics and MRI diagnostics. I think this is this is the next big thing for humans, because now, the diagnostics is going to be much faster. So the health is going to be much better for average human. And that means everybody's going to live longer.

So we have a number of other questions for you. But let's open it up to the root canal. Do you have a question? And then just seeing Yeah, if you could speak a little closer to the mic, we are recording this. And I want to make sure we're hearing everything you're saying.

Oh, you're losing me. I think you're just delivering on the headset. You're just soft. So

maybe be a little more Peter Diamandis on the Mike Rinder Tony Robbins and Peter Diamandis roar as they say on stage, Peter, you got it, you know how to say yes.

So be the, you know, you've changed our lives, I'm gonna throw justyna in my bucket, as well as many others possibly in this room. In fact, we The future is because of you, I would say every single venture I've ever started is because of you. Because after GSB Yeah, no, because after GSB actually threw away the shackles of being a dean, you know, talk about being a dean or President, I actually started a business school, which I actually gave up to join GSB. Right. And you did something that I never thought I could do before you inspired me to take over the General Assembly at the UN and also have the bone moved to ask you to come and speak at that, and make it all happen in one shot. And I'm just curious, I would love I mean, I've had the blessing of being with you, I would love for you to share with the audience, the amazing work you do with XPrize the amazing work you've done, you know, to inspire people like myself, so I would love that. That's my question. What is it that you know, beyond just mindset, there's something that you've done, right? And I mean, it I mean, I'll never forget the day you walk into on stage at GSB it's like you said something to me that activated something so deep within you, and where does that come from? What is that source like before us? forces with you and you give it to us all?

You know it's so so canal Thank you. And let me just take a moment to to acknowledge both you and just Dina as our as our graduates of Singularity University because it's and those others who are with us today because that's what the whole whole thing was about. I mean, when Ray and I started the university, it was modeled after the International Space University and it's all about bringing together the the right individuals that you know, the right people coming together, changes the world. And it was like, Can we get the right people together, imbue them with the right mindsets, support them with technology, inspire and guide them to change the world. Also on the phone here is another incredible woman who is I've been part of the X Prize for God quite a bit Xenia. Tata Xenia. Are you there? Yes, I'm here, Peter. Wonderful. Yeah, and let me just acknowledge you to, I can do a sort of a little intro to XPrize and hand in hand off in this regard. But, you know, I have certain beliefs that until someone proves them wrong, I are fundamental to me, which is that any problem can be solved. And that we're living in a time where small teams consult massive problems. And that really, the day before something is truly a breakthrough, it's a crazy idea. And every breakthrough ever had is not a incremental, small improvement, it is a leap, it's a crazy idea going from vacuum tubes to silicon, or whatever the case might be. And so you have to believe in some level of a disruptive, crazy idea. Now, I'm not proposing we, you know, avoid the laws of physics. But once you go to first principle thinking, if something is not disallowed, if first principle thinking from physics and economics is true, then you can reinvent truly reinventing industry. And do your point kunaal. The XPrize fundamentally believes that if you give human you know, a team, a target to shoot for, that is achievable, but audacious that they'll look at that. And our job is to give people a target, you know, we are genetically bred to compete that we compete in our work. We compete in finding our spouse, we compete in sports, why not compete the brightest minds to solve the biggest problems we just launched Xenia, myself, Marcus extra for a new show, and sorry, we just launched $100 million prize that that Elon Musk funded for Giga scale co2 removal from the atmosphere, or from the oceans. And it's not a matter of can it be done? Of course, it can be done. It's what's going to be the most efficient way to do it, and how do we accelerate that most moving in that direction? So the XPrize is launched, how many prizes now Xena, do you have a number in the back of your mind 1818. And, you know, hundreds of millions of dollars of prizes. I mentioned earlier working on at age reversal X Prize, which I'm excited about, especially as I get older. And you know, so what are the problems you want solved? It's not that they you know, your goal is to incentivize smart entrepreneurs, empowered by all these exponential technologies, with more capital available than ever before. Instead of creating another photo sharing app, can you please solve the problems that plagued humanity?

Love that. Thanks, Peter. It's such an honor to have you here. Thank you, my friend. Great to have you again.

Yeah, soon enough. Actually, this is the

answer the question that you asked Peter, about gender from a different perspective.

Go for it. And of course, john, without you imagination, and imagine this wouldn't be possible. So, so much gratitude for you, john.

So So canal, you ask Peter, you asked him what you know what it what it is? And how does he How does he do that? So does he come in and inspire. And I've been, you know, very blessed to to get a lot of ways, sit at his feet and learn for the last eight to 10 years now at XPrize. And I did not go to Su and I did not go to space University. And I did not have the privilege of doing any of those things. And I just came cold to XPrize and to Peter. And what I found with him is not just pushing the limits of your own imagination, but pushing the limits and demanding rigor behind it. So everything that we do at XPrize and Peter will will see to that and you know, even in conversations with them, it's all backed by first principles thinking data driven, science driven, very, very rigorous examination of what is possible. Now when we just talk about X PRIZE or sometimes when you hear Peter talking you know we talk to it sounds so magical. Well, we just got to pull this idea out of the air and and a lot of us in the background are going Hell no, that's not how it happened to you. We did not build any idea out of the air he he examined it held up feet to the fire ensured that this was was absolutely possible. And yet, we did not come. We don't come to these moonshots with our own biases with our own limited beliefs with our own limitations. And and that I think is the magic of what Peter has done at XPrize. And beyond busting your own beliefs and pushing the envelope for rigor, demanding that rigor. Love that Oh, thank you for that. So

for just seeing it, but do we have anyone else in the audience to ask this distinguished group? A question, Jim, I see you're here. Jim young. Liz, Terry. Michael erema. Any of you have a question? I have one. Yeah, I haven't go up. Peter. I'd love your opinion on the naysayers around interstellar travel. You know, folks love to talk about the difficulty and hazards and how would you or how shall I respond when they throw out radiation exposure on travel to Mars or its surface? Or, you know, toxic soil? low gravity isolation?

Yeah, for the naysayers out there. Thank you very much. Yeah, yeah, happily, my response to the naysayers by giving them the visual experiment, I was on a plane ride, just recently, looking out the window at the great, you know, expanses of occupied expanses of the of the Midwest. And I was thinking about how, you know, 100 years ago, if I had told somebody, I was going to criss crossed the country 3000 miles in, you know, in, in, in, you know, under a day, and literally to go someplace, have a meeting and hop on a plane and come back. And during that time, I was going to be lying down and watching the latest movies and having full, you know, Wi Fi, and it's just like, it is impossible to fathom, a person 100 years ago, thinking about the experience that any one of us can have right now. It literally impossible, right? And so that's just 100 years ago, on the on the bleeding edge of earliest days of aviation, and in a world of exponential change, to imagine that that level of difference can occur in the next 20 years. And, you know, when we start talking about the material scientist, one of the unsung heroes of exponential technology, exponential technologies being re crafted by quantum chemistry and by AI driven, you know, materials genome exploration, that we we have no idea what we don't know, and what we can't take care of. So any kind of limits that are projected, based upon what we have today, seem simply great targets for breakthroughs.

Great, thanks, Evan. Evan has 800,000 followers on Twitter and LinkedIn. So he has a big megaphone to amplify what you just said, Peter? Alright, any other questions? orcas, they know you were a topper at IIT in India, and you run a startup that I think just raised like 300 million. You're doing some extraordinary stuff and some big ideas on AI. Jim young lives Heller, Terry, Michael, and anyone else have questions? I have a question about for right. Yep, Sydney, my favorite 18 year old. Hi, I'm

Sydney. And my question was about distribution. And especially because you're gonna find its economy when we have all these resources. I was just wondering if you know, our speakers who kind of touch on how we ensure that, you know, we distribute all this abundance equally. We had a show on longevity a couple weeks ago. And one of the things that our speakers were most adamant about was that longevity was for everyone, not just for the super red shark is for the Super, you know, high tech. How can we can The same thing happens when you know, we have this amount of water, it's kind of energy that can really help so many people?

Sure, that's a great question. Let me let me dive in and see how I do for you. abundance is, is not again, a limited pie scenario here when I talk about creating a technology creates more and more abundance. If we take these one piece at a time, right. Again, mentioned we're entering a period where there's a squander Abul abundance of energy, the price of solar has been plummeting consistently at the same time that the the price of energy storage has been reducing at 20% per year. So if we're living on a planet that is 8000 times more energy hitting the surface than we consume, and the poorest countries of the sunniest countries where they can become net energy exporters, that's a, you know, just let's, let's look at that as a cornerstone, we're living in a planet where we're about to be bathed in all the bandwidth we could possibly want. And it's becoming cheaper and cheaper. And then on top of that, you know, Google and Baidu have democratized access to information and knowledge, you know, and Google for Larry Page is exactly the same as Google for the poorest child in you know, in, in the United States or, or any place on the planet, it's not a little bit better for Larry Page, it's identical. And when we see these democratized demonetised, d materialized products, they tend towards equal availability for everybody. Now, in the early days, it when it doesn't work, well, the wealthiest people buy in and suffer. So it's the investment banker with a cell phone that cost a million bucks, and dropped a call every block in Manhattan. And now when cell phones are, are, they work incredibly well. They're cheap and available every place. And that's been been the sort of the, what's been what has been happening now, we're not there by any means yet across the board. But all of the all of the arrows are in the right direction. You know, is there a particular subject Do you want to, you know, sort of test that on?

I mean, we had a show earlier today about healthcare. And I know that, you know, with the invention of AI and robots second, bonuses, but especially in the future, you know, full body MRI has helped that, too, as well as clean water, especially as I was, you know, thinking about and even further, how do we make this, you know, garnering it sustainable. And so we don't have like an industrial revolution 2.0, where we know we clean. Now we have an even worse climate than we started out with.

So let's take that. So, again, I will begin by saying I do believe that we can drive dematerialization and democratization to meditation every play. So take the MRI as an example. One of the companies that I'm super fan of it's one that my venture fund is backed. She's well known to MIT out of out of the Media Lab is, is Mary Lou Jepsen, she runs a company called open water, she's using red laser light, right red laser lithography and an echo to build, effectively a machine that's 1000 times cheaper, 1000 times smaller than an MRI, that can image that image at the resolution of an MRI machine. And so you can imagine in the future, having these devices anywhere and everywhere, and an AI on your phone, on your phone, in your bed, in your in your chair, at your at your desk, such that you're literally, you know, we're de monetizing all of this stuff. And it's hard for us to see, it's hard for us to believe, because we get so locked in our ways, but I haven't seen any place that there's not progress. I mean, even you know 3d printing entire rockets, like relativity space is doing I mean, it's an amazing time. Every time you see something you wonder, can it be done to great place to think about a business.

Great, and thank you, Sydney. And it's great to have millennials and octogenarians and we have one centenary on the phone and I see my dad is also on. Let's get a few more audience questions. We do have a number of questions for Justinian in Xenia. JOHN, I have a question. This is Jim young.

And me after that, please, Esther.

So So my question is this. JOHN, you're going in and out? Because I think it's your internet. So when you come back, maybe but go ahead. Jim, please ask your question. Sure.

There, it seems to me there are a relatively small number of people of all the people in the world that have at this point have an appropriate mindset and and understand 10 acts and are working to implement At 10x in their own way, whatever that may be. So my question for Peter is what can be done to spread this exponentially around the world? So, I think, um,

how can I say this I'm doing my part with the books I'm writing the, the work I'm doing through Singularity University imbuing or infusing this and the companies that I start, one of the areas that I'm focused on very much as the next project I called passion finder, I really think helping people find their passion is one of the most important things is the first step, once you have your passion in whatever field it is, because you can make a career out of almost anything right now. You know, that becomes really the motivation then of Okay, I have my passion Now, how do I do the next thing? But I really think getting this conversation around mindset out. And, and, you know, the analogy of what Justine is work is in AI and neural nets, helping people mean our brains are neural nets. That's all they are, and you want to shape. how you respond to incoming data, you want to respond? How do I respond to disaster opportunity, a problem? your mindset is the most critical part of that. That's your I'm curious what your question is.

So I wanted to go back. I mean, we talk so much about training API's, and you're absolutely right, just train the neural net will have a mindset, but we are training babies around the world to have defensive, scared on alert mindsets, so much of your mindset. It's not just okay, dude, have a better mindset. It's, it starts with your parenting with your bond with your mother with the circumstances in which you grow up. And, you know, looking at this past year, the people who were hit worst with COVID-19 were poor people, black people, people who, you know, had parents who were addicted. And these, these are problems that need more than just a little technology, they need huge change in our educational system, and in this way, our parenting systems. And, you know, it's, it's like, I'm not expecting you to solve them. But they are more than just the lack of amazing new products.

I, of course, asked her but now here's the question I'll ask you, would you rather try and solve the problems, these problems which are evident and real and fundamental and definable? And, you know, what would you rather try and solve these problems? using the resources? and technologies you have today? Or would you rather go back 50 years and try and solve it with what you had 50 years ago? Right. I mean, that's my only my only point I think that the really, I mean,

no, no, because we need to start applying these technologies to those problems, rather than keep ignoring them. I mean, because solving problems is also a mindset. And there's a mindset around which problems you solve. You know, so it's, it's not that we should stop developing technology, but we also need to focus more on educating the poorest people, and bringing them into this world of abundance. We need to train more workers, rather than just hire them and find them. It's, it's a question of how we allocate our resources, and there is an abundance. But let's, let's apply some of it to investing in people not just in products and tech,

of course, I mean, I think that's without without question. True, but it's, there's an important there's an important element, let me just mention here which, because people I want to frame this in the following way, majority of all human life on the planet, from the earliest Homo sapiens through the last, you know, fraction of a moment, last 500 years was best described as the king and the queen on the hilltop, the pharaohs the, you know, the land owner, and you know, 99.99999% of humanity in squalor, looking to survive, you know, survive and, and the king or the pharaoh basically lived off the backs of everybody else. And, and that was I would describe as a world of a have, and everyone else was having ops and you know, The world that I that I work around the clock from where I can do to, to move towards is a world, not of haves and have nots, but a world of haves, and yes, there will be super haves as well. But if we're able to create a world where every man, woman and child has access to all the food, energy, water, health care, education, that they desire that a mom can know that her kids have access to the best education in the world, because it's delivered by AI, effectively for free are the best health care in the world. I mean, it's uplifting the base of humanity to to a fundamental level, I think, is what what we can work towards. Yes, education is, is key. And all these things are need to be focused on on solve. But I'm, all I'm saying is technology is not the enemy here. I think technology is a tool that allows us to do it more effectively, or cheaply, or at a higher, broader scale.

Yeah, I don't want to turn this into an argument about all of that. But it's it's simply that the problem in the world is not a shortage of abundance. There actually isn't a food to feed everybody. Okay. I agree with that. It's, it's the distribution of it. And so it's, you know, I'm not expecting to solve the problems, but acknowledging them would be helpful and would help people understand that they still matter. And thank you. And it's I'm Esther and I'm going to stop talking right now.

And I love you. Bye. Thank you. Thank you, john. I'm going to throw in a plug here for Peter on this passion finder, Peter Terry here down and

I guess I got a window seat down and wrote down on a room for six down. But it's, it's good to see you.

I think we have a common friend or didn't Jay Coleman and maybe a common mentor and buchmesse. Yes, you're

working together and your first X PRIZE sponsorship is spectacular. But I wanted

to say hey, thanks, first of all, for passion find her, especially really looking forward to it. And I think a lot of times, we get caught in problem solution, thinking only. It's like it's the only frame. I work with a lot of young people around the world and a lot of their professors and teachers think problem, solution, problem, solution, problem solution, what problem are you solving, but they're not always passionate about the pathway. So it's really exciting to know that john lennon probably didn't wake up in the morning and said, boys, you know what problem we solving today. And I don't think Chris Martin or Alicia Keys wakes up thinking about what problem they're going to solve, they wake up in the kitchen,

I'm excited to hear about another frame and how we can think of the world of passion and that, you know, thinking from a place that the world is beauty. Beautiful, and how do we add to that beauty. So

thank you for for doing that. And I think sometimes we get we get a little stuck in that problem solution, thinking only in that pathway. So I'm, I'm excited to encourage you and I encourage a lot of young people to really focus on what what's what makes her heartbeat what makes them you know, wake up in the morning. So, kudos to when does the book come out? And when when can we learn more? Well, thank you. Thank you, Terry. And yeah, I mean, I think discovering your passion or whatever it is, is one of the critical steps towards abundance. Because giving yourself the freedom to do what you love, is is is important. I apologize guys, I'm out of out of time. But let me ask if john and, and, and Alison, you can take this to, to to Xenia for all, but

Absolutely. Thank you so so much better for being so generous with your time and your thinking. And I think, to the wonderful point that, that you have a way of really, you know, challenging all of us to just step to new frontiers, that new goals. And so thank you so much.

My pleasure. And best to just thing up so late. Thank you.

Great all the applause of for you. So thank you so much, Peter for laying the powerful groundwork. And, Justine. Yeah, and, and then yeah, we'd love to continue. We really haven't yet had much time to talk about the X Prize. And I've got lots of questions on that. But we also have quite a few people on stage who've been patiently waiting to ask questions. So let me just ask, Are there other questions people have? Yeah,

can I can I go first? I haven't had I have a question for Christina. Hi. I must admit I have been have known just enough for a while. I don't know if you remember me just enough from MIT days. Yeah, but like, so I'll just read the question that I have. And this is about the self driving cars. So you know, when you're looking at the timeline, there's always two ways to look at it. One is to look at it from the past, which is, which is currently our present. So one self driving cars autonomous vehicles become like, major mainstream thing. And pretty much everyone is reading around them. At that point, this will be our past when they are still trying to break in. But for them, basically, the problem would be there's another aspect to it, which is the freedom aspect, I call it in the sense that there will be people who want to drive their cars by themselves, and not autonomously. And they're potentially they are going to be said, you know, you shouldn't be driving this car, because self driving cars are taking up all the roads. And when you drive the car, you're JIRA being safe. So what is your What are your thoughts on that? I would love to hear to hear.

Hi, I'm Chris, of course, I remember you. Sorry, we lost that I moved to California. So to your question, honestly, I think for a long time, you will not have to worry about solving this problem, because there will be pathways possible. And there may be highways, where only autonomous cars drives and some other highways, where on the human drivers are present. And this could be a model for for, for for some time, at least in some regions, it might be for some longer time. You know, in the long perspective, it all it is all up to the to the user. So if the user says hey, I do want to drive my car, I'm sure that the market is going to respond to that it's the demand or supply problem of the macro economy. So I don't think we have to solve that I think humans will resolve that, frankly, the user and and the supplier. Wouldn't you agree with that?

I think it's an interesting take on it. So here's what I would point out about that. There used to be lots of horses and horse carts and a lot of people who would just walk on the roads. And at some point the cars came and then basically by law, walking on the streets became illegal. There's this whole thing about jaywalking, it is completely independent invented, to prevent people from going on the roads. So how I see it is what's probably gonna happen is that it's gonna become very taboo or just illegal for people to drive the cars on the roads, which I'm totally fine. By, by the way, I'm a huge proponent of otter was riding.

I wanted I'm sorry, this Alison, I was just gonna ask you a question to Zinnia. And then we'd love to have more audience questions to Zenyatta or to just just do depth. But then yeah, you started to describe a little bit before in an earlier question about the challenge of designing and executing an XPrize. And you told john and myself earlier, when we were talking that it can almost be a series of nested TEDx challenges just to address one of these? Can you share one of your favorite X PRIZE stories and the impact it had just so the audience has a sense of how powerful this X PRIZE has been?

Oh, absolutely. Thank you so much. So So yes, every time we talk about moonshots, just the word moonshot alone implies a singular event or an occurrence. Instead, when you're designing or executing on some of these moonshots, it's a series of discovery, and a series of of moonshots nested one within each other. I'll give you a quick example of the 100 million dollar carbon removal X PRIZE that we we just launched. We have no idea what some of these crazy solutions are going to look like. We're hoping for, you know, an influx of ideas, that that that have a new material science as their Cornerstone, or new chemical compounds for carbon sequestration. We know that from first principles that we know that carbon exists in our atmosphere in our oceans, but we don't even know how carbon behaves, for example, in the first the euphoric layer of the ocean, but sunlight layer the first 200 meters. So when solutions come to us, we have to constantly be inventing measuring tools to even understand whether this is possible. So even for us at XPrize. We design these moonshots, we put them out in a very simple fashion, you know, remove X amount of carbon from ocean or atmosphere and do it within four years and you have to build something you prototype it you win a million dollars you you You You, you get to a certain scale and you can win up to $50 million, or whatever the case might be. But in the background, we are constantly inventing ourselves, again about how we're going to measure this, how we're going to, to ensure that the scale has been reached, but also during that constant life cycle analysis of what the other factors might be if carbon is sequestered or removed in a certain way. So again, the butterfly effect, or the cascading effect of the work we do is very, very important. And so it's not one simple mug shot, every time you're going 10x, you're actually spreading out or scattering and multiple pathways, multiple directions to figure out how we're going to get there or how a new invention or innovation is going to get there and be measured in the correct way. So So that's, that's one example. Every single XPrize is like this. But I would want to also talk about a point that Esther brought up, I don't know, if you're still on the on the line, I think you still are, I've been a great fan of your work for many years, I personally came from the social enterprise sector. So started and run multiple social enterprises before I came to XPrize. And one of the big things that I brought to express and all of our thinking is, what is the social impact of what we're doing. So not only who we are impacting in a positive way, but who is going to be left behind? and for how long? And what's, what the effects of that are going to be. So again, in designing a moon shot, it's really important to just understand, but leave. All right, it's just really important to understand all the implications, not just the technological implications, but we really spend a lot of time trying to understand the social implications, the economic implications of what we're also trying to do.

Can you Zinnia? Can you define moonshot and slingshot? The there was a third term that we had discussed, when we were doing the prep call.

There's so many long shot, long shot this star shots, there's Earth shots, yes, yes. So I mean, Moon shots is just this the this TEDx thinking, right? So moonshot is something that is bold and audacious. It's seemingly impossible. But most of all, it's addressing a problem that currently seems intractable. And usually, a moonshot is solved by biotechnology, right? I mean, that's been the classic interpretation of the moonshot, you know, the, the Venn diagram of, you know, a big problem, a, you know, big impact technological solution, I actually put a fourth circle in that diagram. And that is the mindset and the and the social implications of that. Like, if you really want a moonshot to him, to to effect a billion people, you have to understand who those billion people are, and what some other Fallout effects of that might also be. So so that's a you know, one definition of of a moonshot a slingshot. This is something I love actually. So when I use the term slingshot, I think about it from slingshot theory and in physics, mathematics, when when you're when you're using the gravitational pull of a celestial body like Earth, to actually propel your spacecraft forward, and, and get closer to the moon. So again, you're using that gravitational pull to give you the momentum and the energy that you need. So now think about a slingshot as using the gravitational pull of mega trends, or big black swan events like the one we're just in right now, the pandemic, to propel your idea forward to propel your efforts forward and give you more traction because of that because of of the site guys that you're in right now. So a quick example is a recent slingshot that we designed for bio plastics, a lot of people say well, that already exists on the planet, Well, not really, when you do a deep dive into it. Even even the bio plastics that are out there don't degrade in, in in water that is not tropical. So and most of you know most of the water in the world is not in the tropic zone. So So again, when you're designing that we we know that there is a lot of momentum and and public interest and mindset. shift going on around single use plastic. So again, using that momentum, using the fact that a lot of big industries are also looking into this to propel a new idea forward, that is how we define a slingshot. And then the other terms, you know, Earth shot is when we're doing doing something for planet Earth. At XPrize, we have a vast portfolio of of prizes in climate change, some of them are not yet funded. Some of them are, and, and then the starshot of courses is for space exploration, but also going beyond the realm of our, our solar system. So those are some of the definitions that are out there. Great.

So I want to continue with the audience. But just in your Can you maybe take a moment and just explain the scope of your work? I have a good friend, that's one of the first 50 employees at Nvidia and he said that you walk on water and just people think so highly of you. I spoke to the former president of Tesla, who is our number three speaker in our number three show, and he was just talking about the role that you're playing, and the leadership, and how amazing the videos, I just want people who are on in this room and and who will hear this recording, to understand you know, just what important work you're doing. So if you could just take a moment and maybe kind of explain that. And then and then I want to get to more audience questions. And this is imagination, action. And Peter mentioned, Mary Lou Jepsen, she's actually one of our future speakers. So you guys all should tune in for that show, too. So before we go to the audience, let's hear what amazing work you do. Dr. Zander?

Thank you, john. I'm gonna make it very simple. Imagine that all the cars on the road are exceptionally safe, and they're driving themselves. So how do you get there? So one way to think about it is you deploy all these cars in a simulation environment. And as you know, Nvidia is known for for the game industry. So you put all the cards in simulation, you drive them in many, many possible scenarios. In many, many corner cases, you evaluate how well they're driving, and based on that you're learning about the quality or the quality of the drive, and the safety of the drive. So frankly, this is what I'm doing at work. Obviously, it's it's more of a engineering process, and a lot of infrastructure and compute that is required to run all those things. But you can imagine this as one big simulation of autonomous cars. Now, as Nvidia, I think this is, this is a game changer, what Nvidia is doing is, we don't deploy the cars on the road on at the massive scale, before we simulate them. So we leverage simulation as a platform that allows us to run all this cars in many, many billions of scenarios and dragging billions of miles in value three Johnson values operational, designed on mice, and whatnot. And that helps you understand how well your system is actually designed. And obviously iterate and improve and self improve and autocorrect. Does it answer the question?

I know that's great. And I know we have a bunch of AI experts. And Allison, I think you identified some of them. You know, given that we have a leader in the world practitioner and trying to figure out how to solve this problem. Let's get some other questions.

Hi, john, can I go? Yeah.

Okay, hi, first of all, my name is Jesus. I'm a I'm an artist. And I got here, I just got to, to clubhouse. And I've been hearing this conversation for for a while

hearing the definitions of mature moonshots linkshell and the things that you have been speaking about, I feel also English is not my primary languages. So I'm sorry if I'm being a little bit unclear. So I want to I want to kind of make a pitch maybe Because I live in a ranch, and I'm gonna speak or decide this idea is just, it's just maybe an example of an idea that you can bring to, to reality by means of combining technology. Like some some, some lady was saying here, I don't remember who it was. and combining technology with, with the movement of or with the natural order of things, which example of that is the movement of the earth. And I was working at a ranch, and I had to take care of two horses. But I had to take them out or to run on the, on the heels every day, for four hours. So they, they exercise. But I'm also a musician, and I make beats and I'm a sound engineer, or aura, or I have worked on on that field too. So I think I know that technology necessary to, to kind of build something that I can that I can put on the horse and control it with the technology that they use to control drones, and watch it via VR, something like that. And so what were I going to I want to get here is, there's a kind of technology or science that is dissected, which means taking parts away and looking at what's inside. And there's there's this whole part of, of innovation, which maybe you can put some parts that already exist together to start fixing or readjusting things that that needed adjusting, or, or improvement or I don't know how to call it. The

Yeah, no, thank you. And I think it's important that we have artists represented, and I think you were maybe referring to brain computer interface, which is definitely coming. And thank you for kind of painting the picture of where you're coming from and welcome the clubhouse to our two speakers, you know, any Any thoughts? Sorry, I didn't mean to cut you off. But I think people got a sense and, Justine Yeah, and Xenia, any, any any thoughts on this one? And again, thank you for look for Lynn's pick on this one. Oh, sure. And Justin jessenia speaks five languages, so chances are, she would have spoken your your native tongue if you spoke. She definitely

knew that, that we knew the artists in in the conversation. You know, if you think about positions, you have at least two types. One is the performer like when he always used to say, I'm a performer. And then you have the Eddie Van Halen, who, who, frankly, enjoy creating the music, and don't necessarily enjoy the performance to the extent that Queen did. So I was just curious, in, in being an artist, what drives you. And then depending on what drives you, you can create your own bond shots, you know, you have the ability to create your own music with all the technology of the world, the way you want it. And nowadays, you can stream it to anybody in the world. So frankly, your user is all the billions of people who exist in the world leverage, leverage everything you have, there's nothing that stops you.

Absolutely, and I think what you're also talking about there is you know, especially with that VR component, you know, one of the technologies that's that's coming to this world soon is the is avatar technology, where you can be a remote operator, so no longer do you need to ride those horses and exercise them for three hours a day, but maybe your avatar can all you are doing is controlling that Avatar and and you know, sooner time will come when you will be able to control your avatar from hundreds of kilometers away. So So again, you know, your idea can blossom into as john was saying, it could be something some elements of machine brain interface, it could be some elements of avatar technology that might be an easier reach before before we get to machine brain interface. So So again, you know, wonderful ideas, keep exploring them. All these these amazing ideas have have some roots in some kind of convergence of of current technologies, too. Jim to make them fruitful.

I'm excited to hear about how simulation plays a role in training autonomous vehicles. But before we hear from that, Liz, do you have a question? Then your mom, Michael, Ricky Todd Joel. Eric, I don't mean to miss anyone. But let's let's get some questions out, maybe take two questions in our speakers, you can write them down. We'll do two at a time. So anyone, Todd?

Thanks, john. I'd like to take us back for just a moment to just in his earlier comment related to the 10x mindset, or moonshot thinking has learned versus innate and Jim's question about how we might propagate these mindsets into a larger segment of the population. And I'm wondering, Xenia, Justin, do you see any opportunity to achieve some of that by leveraging our school systems and institutions of higher education? Not just in the United States, but around the world?

Great, excellent question. Let's, let's get another question. And then we'll have them answer the two. So I have a follow up question. Sydney yesterday's question

earlier, and also kind of time to learn a little bit. We're talking about how social impact is so important and development, you know, how do you kind of measure that? What? What is the marker? And would you say, well, the cost outweighs the

sort of into that kind of mindset, I process.

Great. speakers, please take these two questions. And then we'll get to more. And Liz just texted me that every question she was going to ask was just asked four times now. So great minds think alike. And Liz will be waiting for you. If you have a fifth question.

We'll do. Oh, yeah, I can go ahead and start answering and then just, you know, please jump in. So talk to your question, you know, that that that is a perplexing question, right? How do we bring this kind of attenex, or exponential thinking into such a linear education system, especially around the world? And not just in America, I think, I think in the US, with some efforts in STEM education, and, and, and there is some of this thinking that is, is permeating our classrooms, but definitely not enough of it. And, and as we're rethinking education in an age of pandemics, that could be a great opportunity for and of course, you know, with the increased connectivity, because because that is key for most other parts of the world. You know, is there is there a way to just start not putting, putting TEDx thinking in as a course, but actually fundamentally seeding it in the foundation of how we educate? And that's a massive challenge. That's a moonshot in itself. I don't have an answer for how that would, would pan out or, or you know, how we could do that. But it's certainly something that we need to be thinking about a lot, especially again, in this in this hyper connected world. And in an age of pandemics, where we we see that that school might actually just be at home and online, for a lot of people. So it's so many ways, and then really quick to answer. Sydney your question, you know, this is what I spend a lot of my time at, at XPrize. Is, is is understanding the social balance, right? You know, how how does the cost of of doing something new and creating a new bringing in or showing a new innovations and new markets that come on the heels of those innovations? How does that outweigh the harm that that might do? And every single prize, we study that I mean, we just recently launched a prize last November feeding the next billion which is protein alternatives. So for white meat, chicken or fish, but we also are doing a bonus prize on the fetal bovine serum that are used in a bioreactor to actually grow cells. And so again, trying to understand the implications of everything we're doing and saying, Okay, if we're just going to do cell based agriculture, in bio reactors, and we're going to make that energy efficient and more sustainable and, and and cost effective, you know, within the next say, decade, and out into markets, but hang on a second, when we go The the medium that we have growing the cells in this fetal bovine serum is actually really harmful for animals and for the planet in different ways. And so we need to do something to address that as well. So again, constantly looking at a problem from all angles. And and there's a lot of futurists on the line. And there's, you know, there's a, there's a really quick heuristic that we future sort of use, which is sort of a steep analysis, which is, you know, what is the social, technological, ecological, economic and political implications of solving a problem in a certain way? So, so that's how we kind of tried to tackle it, and we miss sometimes.

Thank you so much. Yeah. I agree with this. I also think that you have to pace yourself where you want to start the you wanna start with in the education sector, do you want to start with the kids? Or do you want to start with adults, if you want to start with the kids, then the gaming industry presents an opportunity, because you can design the games in such a way that the kids are being taught what the next means and what they cannot achieve. And obviously, in the game, anything is possible. So you can start creating this, this mindset of, let's build something, let's do something that is going to change the way the game is designed. Let's redesign the game. That's, that's one way to think about the education and about the social impact. You know, I agree with Esther, that not everybody needs technology. And that's just fine. Humans need needs humans, people need hit new people. This is this has been like this for decades, for centuries. And it's, it's been always like this, it will always be like this. So the human touch is the first thing that that we need men that we need to receive. You know, it's not always about human. When we are talking about moonshots, though, it's also about, for example, climate change is one of my biggest passions. And with climate change, just just, just this morning, I read that the earth is absorbing double amount of the heat than in 2005. So in 15 years, we basically doubled how much heat we absorb. And so that made me think that we can create at least diagnosis system for us to understand why this is the case. And obviously, it's not impacting any human, when you think about it, in a personal level, on a personal level, but it does impact every single human on the planet, if we understand that this problem and try to solve this problem. So, you know, not everyone sort of has to be directly for a personal level of a human. It's just for society's for humanity, a status race.

Super, that's amazing. And I just noticed that we have Sam deema and Stan joining us. Do you guys have questions you want to ask?

Yeah, I had a question. Thanks. So much for the informative, informative time. And you know, the thanks to clubhouse actually, for just last cohort, arranging this amazing opportunity for all of us to speak and for for me to ask the question. So the question is, you know, we've been in in 16 months or so of this pandemic, and I'm wondering if anything, any other opportunities or needs came up that weren't there before? The beginning of 2020 that we should focus instead of some of the things that we focused on at the beginning of 2020. Great question. deema. Let's get to more questions. Sam, Stan, Serge, we have a lot a lot of SS. Liz, did someone take your question? Or do you have a question, Ricky? Anyone else? I have another question. Hey, Soos Let's wait on you. Let's get some new peoples in. Do you have a question or anyone else?

Yeah, I have a question for Zinnia. But first, I just want to say to just Tina, I can't believe we haven't met. I am the Global Head of innovation for Faraday Future and Evie, AV company and we actually use video or F autonomous driving features. So nice to meet you. And everything you said about simulating first and then deploying is what I believe in what the team believes in. That's pretty much what are we doing? So, so many parallels there? Sorry, no question for just a minute. But I do have a question for you. I have a question for Zinnia. I know Faraday Future is going public soon. Yes. Yes, we are. Just give us a few weeks. Congratulations. Thank you so much. It was it was quite the journey. So zeneo, do you work with GPT? Three? at all, does that you were speaking about, about education before taxing education, perhaps? How does GPT three or iterations thereof, you know, future iterations, affect education, space and accelerate learning, hopefully, and democratize learning.

So then we don't work with that. And, and, you know, I think the advent of of AGI is going to be transformational, but from what I understand, and my understanding of it is fairly nascent. But from my understanding it, we're actually quite far away still, what we would love to use that for is in, in some of our future foresight work, you know, where we were actually kind of plotting some roadmaps of blueprints for the future, in say, water, energy, etc. But, but no, we don't do not have access to that technology right now.

And Zinnia, if you listen to I think, show number six, the founder of Siri, Tom Gruber, out earlier, talked all about it. So that could, you know, bring you up to speed. It's sooner than then we all realize, I think. Excellent question. And I know Diem asked a question if anyone wanted to address that one. And then I want to get to other two other questions. Anyone else in the audience?

DMS question? I'll take the question. Great. Yeah, and deema I don't think this is new. But I think it's something that we need to turn our attention back to. And that is that, you know, in 2019, there was a lot of talk about, about this is the decade the 2020s, we're going to be the decade when we would finally you know, halt climate change, and then start reversing it. And there were a lot of efforts in the in that regard, there was a lot of discussion happening. And then of course, when the pandemic happened, a lot of that stopped. And, and I think that that we need to return to that call, we need to, to, you know, as, as COVID gets a little more under control, I say that, you know, knowing what's happening in my own country in India right now and, and around the world, that it's not quite under control. But But as we get COVID under control, we need to turn our focus back to climate. So that's, that's, that's what I would say.

Justin? Yeah. Real quick questions for you. One is use. How do you use simulated data alone to train self driving cars? Is that possible? And then can you share some of your recent collaborations with automakers? Or is that secret? And then what do you think is the most important thing for young people do today to increase their effectiveness and impact the world? I know you're working on autonomous vehicles, but you're, you're such a renaissance person, I think you, you do a lot of thinking about the world and how to have impact, you can kind of riff on the advice again, we're going to share and excited to get

Thank you, john. That's a lot of questions in one. So let me start from from the first one. Yeah, so when you're doing machine learning, in general, you are allowed to use synthetic data, but there is no way that you can replace the real world data collection. So you frankly did too. And the way we try to quantify this is we run experiments by combining synthetic data with real world data and trying to assess the robustness of the dnn. The results are typically 70 to 30. So you still need some some some sense have real world data, it depends on the problem that you're trying to solve. If the problem is going to be a safety critical problem, then you obviously need the ratio that is going to be sufficient for represent the real world problems. But generally, it's possible. And of course, many people do that now. And Vidya works with multiple OEMs, as Dan said, for the future is one of them. There is there is really a lot of collaborators that we are working with, if you look at our ecosystem with about 500 partners. And we have two deals that are very public. It's Mercedes and Volvo. And with Mercedes, I think I'm exceptionally proud because I stem from Mercedes, I actually did my PhD together with percentage win years ago. So coming back now and understanding that the process and how the company works, and seeing how it transforms is something that just create some joy in my heart. Now, what advice would I give to young people? I think Peter made a really good point, just follow your passion. You know, you don't have to be an engineer, you don't have to be a technologist, but be a problem solver. solve problems, don't create problems, and contribute to them solve problems, and go through life with with john doing this. That's the best advice I can give.

Great, excellent. I also want to acknowledge Claire, who's in the room. Claire is working with Peter on a lot of his longevity initiatives. And I think there are a lot of people who are doing research on longevity. I don't think there are a lot of people doing what Peter's doing in terms of working across different technologies and ventures and I think Claire is very involved in that. And Claire, thank you for participating tonight. Do you have any questions? And what I'd like to do is see if our speakers Xenia, and just Kenya have closing remarks and then Allison will kind of sum up what happened and Cory will play a closing piece. So Claire, do you have any questions and feel free to pass but I just want to identify you as brilliant.

Oh, well, thank you, john. It's been a pleasure listening in I've really enjoyed listening to you both just you know, and and Xenia. And and these conversations always, always inspire me, and happy to speak a little bit more on, on what Peter's doing on the longevity front. But I guess, you know, one of the one of the questions or maybe one of the things I'd love to hear you speak more on Xenia is how X PRIZE has actually had a quantifiable impact on the amount of private sector capital that's been redirected to a new problem or field, simply by virtue of all the teams that might initially, you know, flood into a prize. And I think, you know, the carbon removal prize is a great example of that, perhaps given the the high profile nature of it that given the big or the unprecedented prize purse, but you know, especially for any niche problems that are a little that are a little harder to break into maybe the the scientific barrier to entry is a little higher, or or they're simply less well known about, I'd love to hear you speak a little bit more on that and how and how this is really almost, you had an impact on on capital flows and investor attention.

Sure, Claire banks, typically an X PRIZE will have a leveraging factor of about 10 to 60% is what we have been calculating, depending on the prize. And and so what that means is if we are if we are, you know, handing out $10 million, then then the teams collectively have put in 10x that amount, and then they have received investment sometimes for more than 10x that amount as well. However, it's important to remember that the work we are doing are our threshold. So, so when we design prizes, our threshold sweetspot is about 10 to 12 years out, so sometimes the prize is one and a whole new industry is created for us prize was a great example of that and, you know, the Ansari XPrize I think most people on this call kind of know the story and, and and Richard Branson bought the company and and was, you know, valued at $4.6 billion within the first year etc. and and now of course, it gave rise to this this massive private space industry. And however these people still ask the question about, well, has it? Has anybody gone into space on spaceship three? And the answer is no, not yet. Because the future that we were trying to pull forward was decades out. And we were trying to make that happen within two decades. So a lot of times we are working the long game, so 10 to 12 years. And so we don't what we see immediately after reprises one, in terms of impact is a lot of investment flooding in we have, we have multiple examples are ocean prizes. Recently, I've been a great example of that, Where, where, again, teams have seen investments in in the hundreds of millions of dollars. And that technology to take that technology forward for mapping ocean floors, was something that with current technology would have happened in 600 years, we are now making possible within one decade, as an example, right, so really pulling that future forward, shortening that timeframe. But and so the investment typically we see in our teams actually happens over five to 10 years. And so we're seeing some of our more mature teams, from our ocean prizes, or from some of our medical tricorder, prize, etc. Now receiving investments in the 10s, or hundreds of millions of dollars. And that is fairly common with an XPrize. But again, it's not immediately after the prize is one, it's typically about four to five year window after the prize is one where we see these massive leaps to market actually happened.

Great to everyone, this is imagination in action. And we have some great speakers, you guys should definitely follow them follow their work, and we're so proud to have you in a few minutes. We're gonna post the transcript and the audio. We're also in the process of making a new website that is really interactive. Each show will have its own page where you can see the audio grams that we pull out. And we're going to edit this over to our show and do a podcast and want to recognize Sydney and Bennett who are part of the team who've been helping mine the last 19 shows and today we did our 19th this morning from Hyderabad. And this evening, our 20th show. And we have shows through the rest of the year. A tradition on our show is to have Alison kind of compile what was discussed and share some some highlights. And then I'd love to have a closing remark from our two speakers. And then our musician will play us out. So Alison.

Great. Wow, what an incredible. I feel like all of us at least to x our visions for the future. So we had an amazing session with Peter just Kenya and Zambia with Corey on a space age accordion. Our topic was bold moves 10x approaches to mega moonshots, Peter started us off in his youth as a son to two Greek immigrants who wanted him to be a doctor. But he had deep curiosity and space inspired by Star Trek and Apollo. So while he was attending medical school by day, by nights and weekends, he was doing space and starting space companies. Peter told us that we are living in extraordinary times in the best time ever to be an entrepreneur, where every year brings more opportunity with more capital flowing and access to more information and knowledge. Peter also introduced us to the abundant mindset, where you move from scarcity where you only have one pizza and the slices keep getting thinner to a more abundant mindset where you decide to actually make a ton more pizzas. And it's technology that enables the abundance mindset that lets you make those greater pizzas. I'm always gonna think about that next time the slices get then Peter told us that true breakthroughs require taking risks, and developing mindsets. We learn mindsets are the most critical tool we have, but few of us are actively crafting our mindsets. There are infinite numbers of mindsets. But pewter focuses on four of these moonshot abundance, exponential and longevity. And then an era where we're studying neural nets. Peter told us we don't think enough about the data or information or visions that we train our minds in. He challenged us What do you want to train your mind on? Our brains are neural nets and we need to shape how we respond. In all kinds of incoming situations and with data, Peter also reminded us that we forget how abundant Our world is now, and said it's just recently that humanity took what he called a vacation from survival. He pointed out we now have AI plus infinite bandwidth plus cheap energy, which can create infinite possibilities for humanity. Our job as leaders is to drive technologies to focus on the world's biggest problems. Peter finally talked about longevity having the best potential on the planet, consisting of practices we know of, which are now being revolutionized by new diagnostics such as organ regrow stem cell therapy, regenerative medicine, with his bold capital, committing two thirds of its $300 million in biotech and longevity and clear and Peter described the Platinum longevity tour for individuals who want to dive into an exploration of where the future of longevity research is going. Then Zenyatta talked about each X PRIZE moonshot involving a series of nested moonshots like Russian matryoshka dolls, offering the fabulous example that with the 100 million dollar carbon removal prize, they have absolutely no idea what technology will be favored, or how carbon can be removed. So it's not a question of one simple moonshot. This is a little disappointing to me. But that every time you go into tenex, it requires a buckshot of innovation of 10x all the way up and down to really make the the impacts happen. Then you're also introduce us to the vocabulary for this exponential abundant field. In response to John's question, she said moonshots are bold audacious TEDx challenges that address a problem that seems intractable slingshots use gravitational fields, such as from a mega trend or a black swan to give you momentum you need to solve the problem. And both just dinya Peter and Zenyatta pointed out that COVID worked in exactly this way in terms of the world, quickly developing whole new technology for a vaccine within a year with global collaboration just didn't get then shared such powerful lessons from the Vidia and the extraordinary exponential audacious world of autonomous driving. If anyone hasn't yet tried it, I totally recommend it either via Google Tesla, or somewhere in a city near you. She described autonomous driving as a marriage of the old automotive industry with the ultra modern high tech world. And Peter described in a video as appears play of AI. And one of the most important companies on the planet for its vision to sindhya then talked about the power of having a visionary CEO who focuses on how do I solve problems for 10 years from now, descend, you also talked about the real challenge of trying to achieve autonomy on roads safely, she points out you can achieve autonomous level five driving in a geofence controlled space on a sunny day. That's the easy challenge. But add in a bit of snow and Boston drivers and you have a game changer. It was an amazing evening where all the speakers and canal reminded us of the vision of Singularity University with the belief that the right people coming together can change the world. Peter reminded us that the day before something becomes a breakthrough. It is just a crazy idea. And Justin yet left us with the thought that will stay with me be a problem solver go through life with joy, and don't contribute to or create problems. Thank you all.

Great. You've just been out Allison. That's an amazing summary. Thank you. And then closing comments Zinnia and Justin. Yeah, any closing comments, and then we will have Cory to play us out. And our next five shows we have the age of mega fire ambitious tech company plans to save the western forest. We have the 18 and a half year, Chief Product Officer of Netflix teamed up with the head of autonomous vehicles for Lyft and some other amazing people coming up with an idea that they think can really help save our planet. Then the week after that we have the Chief Medical Officer of Madonna. We have the co founder of wired and Juan and rica's and David Kong, all talking about our technology. Then the week after that we have restoring ourselves breaking out of sexism and racism in Hollywood, African American director and a serial director, Naomi and Sarah will Tell their insights into Hollywood. And then the last two shows to share, disrupting age, how to cultivate and harvest your wisdom to Connelly 12 year senior leader at Airbnb teamed up with Barbara Waxman, that should be a good one. And then just confirmed today, Mark Bittman, who wrote the book animal vegetable junk, in his New York Times, columnist and writer and just amazing guy on food, we're building a food. So thank you for being a wonderful audience, to our two distinguished speakers. Any closing remarks before Cory plays this out?

Yeah, I'm gonna be very brief. I think AI is going to transform every industry in the world. And it's something worth keeping in mind, it may not influence you, very directly, but indirectly, everybody is going to be the slowest. And I think it's going to democratize technology to the advantage of every human. And I believe that everybody should follow their heart. So if you follow your heart, and you live, according to what your heart tells you, it's gonna be a good life. That's what I'm waiting for you.

That's wonderful, Justin. So he and I'd like to add that, that cultivating attenex mindset is something that you have to cultivate and nurture every day in your work. And it is fueled not just by the information that you bring in to your mind and your life and your own neural net. But it is fueled by positivity, a mindset of of, of a possibility and positivity, and also grounded in reality. But more than anything else, at least for me, it's driven and motivated by a understanding and a deep respect for the interconnectedness of all people and all species known and unknown on our planet. So for me, this is all about the tenants mindset. If we can use this for the power of good for the power of solving humanity's problems, then we're all in our sweet spot. And the world as we know, it is a better place for us all.

think, Wow, what a great way to end tonight's imagination action. I would like to say that we knew Peter was going to leave early because of a commitment. And we loaded him up with questions on the beginning. You know, he's a public figure. I think these two other leaders are extraordinary. In Korea, I'd like you to dedicate whatever you play now. The leadership that vineya and just taenia are doing I think years from now there'll be parades and murals and statues and, and books about their leadership and their impact and how they change the vector society.

hope not, we'll just take a song instead has and I could say, just definitely I play accordion because that is what I love to do. I mean, I have many, many hobbies. I love motor sports. I love whether a level of things but definitely accordion is one of them where I'll say certainly wouldn't have a professional career as an accordion player. So yes, follow follow what you love to do, for sure. We're jumping around countries and all these so we'll go to a different part of the world hence, credit cover the whole world and a couple of of these tunes represent.

Great, that concludes tonight. Thank you, everyone and see you next week. Thank you, Cynthia. Thanks, everyone. Thank you. Thank you for that.