on the end, who supports that government leadership, the EMR, they're trained, they're ready. They're disciplined, and we'll talk about their training in a second, but they're ready to go and they are always standing by with the hazard assessment, watching it evolve and ready to pull the plans off the shelf and use but on the other side, you see the private sector and the EMR works constantly across all of the critical infrastructure and every industry group within the province. They know them by first name. I certainly did. I knew who was in charge of the Kettlemans Association, who was in charge of the Alberta electric system operator. I knew who was responsible for the production of honey. Really. There are four functions that make up Emergency Management mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. Mitigation is either removing the target from the hazard, or the hazard from the target. That's the simplest way to define it. You'll see lots of pretty words there. But in your mind, just think about the risk is coming for you. How do we stop it getting to or how do I get you out? of the way? One of the two preparedness involves walking through with all of the experts required to prepare plans to be ready to respond to any one of those hazards that's a major emergency or disaster potential in your jurisdiction. municipal, provincial or federal. And having those plans trained and exercised constantly. You don't just write the plan and put it on the shelf. You bring together everyone who's actually going to respond in that emergency. And you run them to exercises you watch them perform the tasks and you train people up if they were delinquent or unable to complete their tasks. The response then takes those plants off the shelf, dust them off and makes them specific for the actual emergency that you're looking at. And there's a full train staff that knows how to run response and there's operation centers with desks for every one of the subject matter agencies, the lead subject, the subject, the expert agency, so there's we always used to call it the big kids table, and that's where the hazard specific person the subject matter expert would sit and everyone else was in rows, all looking towards the charts. So us we could run support the subject matter agency with whatever they needed while taking care of the entire rest of the economy in the jurisdiction. But the minute you start a response, the minute you take another team aside, and you make them responsible for writing the recovery plan. Have you seen a single recovery plan in our country announced by any provincial government for this pandemic? The minute you start response, you set aside a separate team to write recovery and have that plan ready to go the minute you know the pandemic went to endemic there are 10 activities that make up all of life doesn't matter if you're a soldier, sailor airman or whether you're a civilian in any industry, those are the 10 activities that you use to run your home. Okay, governance at the top operations plans logistics but when you're working in a provincial agency, those are specific activities that require specific training. So you have people in the operations group that are trained to run operations. In the plans group, you have people that the process I'm about to tell you that can teach that process and run that process for anyone in government. The ones shown in blue are formal courses that we train all first responders in every province and territory in Canada, and it's called the incident command system you see in the bottom in the blue. So there's a specific training every one of our first responders follows it and it's not about doing their trade ie being a paramedic or being a police officer. It's how they come together when a site gets too big, and they have to work together. And it is an actual activity and courses they must qualify in to move up in rank to run the Incident Command System for an event on the ground. But you need all of the boxes by the time you get to the provincial order of government. Most municipalities have separate large municipalities or have specific groups for every one of those boxes. So how do you link all five together with the last so what you see here is the table and there's hazards all the way down? So you need an actual, thoughtful process that leads you through every one of the boxes on that chart, and she's choosing the provincial order of government, because health is a provincial responsibility and that's where we're going in this discussion into a pandemic. You need to apply all 10 activities to your mitigation plans to your preparedness plans, to your response plans, and then to your recovery plans. Okay, you need to do each one of those boxes for all 10 activities that make up all of life, and you need to resource them with the seven resources that make up every activity. Okay, there's nothing missing if you miss any portion of this either the seven resources, the 10 activities, a specific hazard, any kind of grouping or organization. You have missed something at your peril. But there's experts that do this and it's not hard for them. It might seem confusing for you, the first time you step into it, but people live their whole lives doing this for you. And those are the things for the commissioners that many people see and think need to be changed or corrected and I put it to you they are there's some specific things we need to fix after this pandemic, in terms of legislation, regulation standards, standard operating procedures and how we move forward. So that's the five dimensions. How do you link them all together? What does the process look like? This is the emergency management process. It's identical to the army process, but it's also identical to the risk management process. Those of you that were here yesterday, and watch the presentation on risk management. That's how civilians would use these words. But in government, this is how we talk about it in terms of municipal and provincial order of government. Hazards are out there every day and all of a sudden one of them pops up. So situational awareness for our elected officials happens all the time. There's constant briefings on a monthly basis going to the premier. It's wildfire season here in Alberta. It's just starting. So there's a briefing note on the premiers desk saying it's wildfire season. Here's your status of your sustainable resource development firefighting teams. We can draw on our surrounding neighbors adjacent provinces, the wildfire operations agreement, mutual aid agreement is in place for all of Canada. Blah, blah, blah, blah, just getting the premier ready. So it pops, something happens. And what you see in the orange boxes is elected official engagement. That's where they're brief. That's where they make the decisions. Okay, and they're part of the supervising and monitoring. So all those orange boxes, the black bullets are all what's being done by staff to support the elected officials. This is a democracy. Elected officials are always in charge, never the subject matter agency. Always the elected officials, whether a mayor or Reeve, or whether they're a premier and every one of those black bullets and we're going to walk through them in an example but every one of those black bullets is a staffing function and there's oodles of paper that get produced in order to do each one of those. So just defining the aim in an emergency, there is gobs of paper developing different types of aims for the premier to select, which is the aim for that jurisdiction. So when in a court case, for instance, where I was testifying against the medical officer of health of Alberta, I brought stacks of evidence showing what had obviously been overlooked. They were unable to bring any piece of paper and simply said they had done the process. You have to be able to prove you've done the process. There's stacks of paper for every one of those black bullets that they were unable and are still unable to produce. But what's happening while you're doing and managing that emergency, the hazard is evolving, as well. Remember that all hazards list. Other hazards are popping up. So in the middle of pandemic wildfires just didn't say okay, we'll give you a break for two years. We won't have any clarifiers okay, we won't have any train derailments. We won't have any toxic spills. There won't be any other problems. We can only deal with one hazard at a time. That's just ridiculous. But that amo has all the pre prepared plans for all the other hazards and in the same Emergency Operations Center. You can switch between who's the subject matter agency because today the fire just got too hot and we can just set the pandemic aside for 24 hours while we evacuate Wood Buffalo. Okay. So let me move to the second part of the presentation I want. Now you understand what emergency management is and that every province and territory has it in in almost every province and territory the municipal order of government has been ordered to have it by that province and territory, keeping the elected officials in charge.