A construct, a conlang is a constructed language that is a language that was specifically created all the languages that we speak or sign have been created by humans. They were just created kind of incidentally, conlang is something that was created on purpose, usually by one person, but sometimes by two or more people. Very brief history of language creation. There, we kind of date the history of language creation, to Hildegard von Bingen, which is she was a German abbess from the 12th century. And she created her own language, which she called link Magnotta. And she used it primarily for writing songs, it was also mainly nouns that was just added to Latin grammar. But that's the first physical evidence that we have of somebody sitting down and creating a language on purpose, feel free, feel free. So that was a in the 1100s. Then around the 1600s, there was kind of a new boom of language construction, the philosophical language movement. The most famous of these was John Wilkins language, which he didn't name he just called it the philosophical or a philosophical language, where scientists reason that human languages were imperfect. So we needed to create one that we could use for scientific discussion, that their their aim was to create a word that that basically you could tell what it meant simply by how it was pronounced. And so essentially, what it was was a classification system, where everything was classified by sound in a single word, very cumbersome. There were a lot of projects around this time. None of them were extremely successful. This was the only one that people remember, in the late part of the 19th century. That was the advent of the International auxiliary language movement where, where people were creating languages for promoting peace, the idea being that if everybody spoke the same language, everybody would agree and there would be harmony, which is really funny if you look at America. But anyway, so this is the most famous of them. This is ll Zamenhof, who created Esperanto. It wasn't the first the first was Valade peak, which the two parts of that word apparently came from the English words world and speak vola peak. And that was, Martin Finch layers attempt at creating a universal language, Esperanto was much more successful. There were many, many others at that time. And there have been many others since Esperanto is really the only one that survived and is still spoken today by a few. But really, in the 20th century, that was when we saw people creating languages for kind of the love of it. And the first one that we have on record again, it probably existed for many centuries, but it's just hard to find this stuff. The first one that we have a record of is JRR Tolkien, who created his languages before he actually wrote any of his books, kind of the books were a way to give his language is a place to breathe, according to him, and so he was one of the first language graders that we know of that just created for the pure joy of it, and many in the 20th century, took after him, either directly because they read the Lord of the Rings and saw the appendices and were inspired, or just because there was lots more time for it. In the late 70s, mid 70s, we had the first person ever paid to create a language, which was actually Victoria Frumkin, who created a language for the land of the last television series. But the first one that people really know about is Mark O'Quinn, who created the clang on language, who by the way, lives about 20 minutes from here, he lives in DC. And this is a photo we were all at a thing in Amarillo this summer. And so there he is, Marco Korean created the clang on language for Star Trek three. And that was really the first language that wasn't created for international communication that kind of captured people's attention, really, outside of Tokyo and stuff. And he went on to create a couple of others, including the Atlantean for the Disney movie Atlantis. But then the latter part of the 20th century, once the internet kind of got into homes, that was really where personal language creation took off. Because basically, a lot of people and maybe you maybe some people here fall into this category, maybe you know, somebody like this would try to create a language or a little bit of a language as a kid just for fun. But usually it doesn't go anywhere. And that was because you will often find other people where if you tell them about it, they're extremely uninterested in it, and don't understand why you're doing it. The internet allowed people to find each other. And so in like 1991, new listserv was formed built from a Usenet group that turned into the conlang listserv. This eventually was what gave birth to the language creation conference. And this is a picture of the first language creation conference here, which gave birth to the language creation society. Anyway, so that's kind of where we are at now. So what I wanted to discuss, what we wanted to discuss at the beginning was authentic language. Because we talked about creating an authentic language. And really, when it comes to that, it depends what you're doing it for. So here are just four different types of languages that are very, very different. And they're different, because they're created for very, very different purposes. So looking at one of these, so Esperanto, for example, this is English, right? So we have these verbs here that have to do with sitting down, right? And as you can see these, there are kind of bizarre interrelationships. So see, seems like it's related to sit in historically it is, but it sounds a little different. And we see that we have like a regular, non past and past tense here, but then we have sit and sat. And that's kind of a bizarre thing, where if you're learning language, or if you're learning English, you just have to learn this and know that okay, it's a weird regularity of English, all languages have these. But if you're creating Esperanto, which you're hoping a whole bunch of people are going to learn and use in their everyday lives and you want it to be easy. Well, it's like why do that instead, you could do something like this, where there's just one route here, right? And you can see just one route that's related to all of these. So remember, this is seat seated sit sat, same route, and you can see the exact same tenses. So the present tense is always asked the past tense is always easy. And there's even this little bit right here, where to seat somebody right to seat somebody means to make them sit. And so you just add this little bit and that's a very rare The other thing, and so it's like this makes sense, if that's why you're creating the language. The question is, What about like, if you have, like, these are the three key what are they? They're just humans. So what do you do if you're creating a human language? Because our languages don't look like Esperanto? They're not regular. They're not simple. They're not easy. So what do you do if you're just creating a language for humans? How do you create something that's authentic? Well, I want you to consider just for a brief moment, considering like humans versus machines. And so I have this this anecdote, I love this. There's a game that a whole series of games we used to play on the apple, two Gs computer, this one happens to be King's Quest for. And what this type of game is, is like you can move a character around. But in order to interact with the world, you have to type in commands. And so this is one particular instance where my friend and I blame we were playing this game. And it's like, the whole thing is like, fairy tales reenacted, and this is the seven dwarfs house, house, you get in there. And it's all messy. This is the character you are. And it's very clear what you need to do, you get into this house, and you're supposed to clean it up. And so then there's this cursor down here. So it's like, alright, type something to do. So the first thing we try clean house, and it says, You cannot do that right now. It's like, okay, tidy house. It's like, you cannot do that right now. It's okay, clean kitchen, you cannot do that right now. It's like, we're just sitting here typing these things in and it's like, wash dishes. It's like, why would you do that. And it's like, then we see it. This thing is a cupboard. And we like we go over there. And we like open cupboard, and there's a broom in there, like, Aha. And it's like get broom, you can't do that right now. It's like, sweep house, you can't do that right now sweep with broom, you can't do that right now. And so like, for 15 minutes, we're typing things in here trying to figure out so we know what to do. And at one point in time, I'm at the keyboard, because we were taking turns. And I type in clean, because I was going to do clean house and blade said, we already did that. Like Oh, right. And so then I just hit enter. So I can get a new one just for the word clean. Suddenly, character stops, walks by herself over to the cupboard, opens, it gets the broom out music starts and she starts cleaning, you just had a tight clean. Because it didn't matter if you said clean house or clean kitchen, because you're working with a machine here, it doesn't understand anything, it understands what it's been told. And so it's like clean means something clean house meant nothing to this thing. Humans on the other hand, are quite different. So here's a picture of me. And I want you to imagine like, this is what I'm doing right? And I say anything to drink. And Jesse replies, top shelf, right?